IT Security for Measuring Instruments: Confidential Checking of Software Functionality

When Measurements Meet Blockchain: On Behalf of an Inter-NMI Network

“…An alternative is to employ homomorphic encryption strategies that enable computation on the cryptographic domain. The works of Peters et al [ 15 ] and Yurchenko et al [ 16 ] already discussed this idea’s suitability in applications involving blockchain and smart meters’ data privacy. Furthermore, the blockchain network can also combine a multi-ledger-based architecture and data encryption.…”

“…In our implementation, peer0 (we have named 2 peers as peer0 and peer1 for each NMI) from PTB and Inmetro works as the endorser (to endorse the transaction), committer (commits the block received by orderer service), and anchor peers (communicates between two different NMI organizations) at a time. Ordering service: The ordering service is responsible for creating consensus, receiving endorsed transactions from clients, and ordering the replicated transaction blocks to peers [ 15 ]. In our implementation, we used the “solo (single node ordering service)” and the “Raft [ 36 ] (Crash Fault-Tolerant (CFT) ordering service using distributed consensus)” ordering service for the single-host and multi-host deployments, respectively.…”

“…A blockchain can significantly reduce the costs associated with some LM activities, providing sophisticated mechanisms to ensure the integrity and authenticity of information and processes managed by the network [ 14 ]. In the last two years, different works have proposed blockchain-based solutions to classical scenarios related to LM [ 9 , 10 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. The majority comes from joint efforts between the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and the Brazilian National Institute of Metrology, Quality, and Technology (Inmetro) (PTB and Inmetro are the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) in Germany and Brazil, respectively.)…”

“…Blockchain is an emerging technology that has caught stakeholders’ attention in different knowledge areas [ 19 ]. LM is also one of these areas, with proposals involving the measurements’ audit, information security and integrity, software protection, metrological surveillance, and distributed computing for measuring instruments [ 9 , 10 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

“…Melo et al [ 5 ] described how to implement distributed measuring systems using smart contracts to execute LR software. The works of Peters et al [ 15 ] and Yurchenko et al [ 16 ] discussed how one can improve privacy in blockchain by using homomorphic and functional encryption in smart contracts. Finally, Melo et al [ 10 ] presented a distributed and decentralized framework to implement fuel dispensers’ field surveillance using smart contracts.…”