ITER and plasma surface interaction issues in a fusion reactor

Shimomura, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2007.01.215

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The formation of metal-containing hydrocarbon layers in fusion devices is a result of simultaneous erosion and redeposition of metallic and carbonbased plasma-facing materials (PFM) 10 . This has great importance for the next-step fusion device ITER 11 , where carbon fibre reinforced carbon, tungsten and beryllium are envisaged as PFM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of doping (Ti, V, Zr, W) and annealing on the sp2 carbon structure of amorphous carbon films

Adelhelm

Balden

Rinke

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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The influence of the transition metal (Ti, V, Zr, W) doping on the carbon matrix nanostructuring during the thin film growth and subsequent annealing is investigated. Pure and metal-doped amorphous carbon films (a-C, a-C:Me) were deposited at room temperature by non-reactive magnetron sputtering. The carbon structure of as-deposited and post-annealed (up to 1300 K) samples was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy.The existence of graphene-like regions in a-C is concluded from a (10) diffraction peak. A comparison of the XRD and Raman results suggests that XRD probes only the small amount of 2-3 nm large graphene-like regions, whereas the majority of the sp 2 phase is present in smaller distorted aromatic clusters which are probed only by Raman spectroscopy. Annealing leads to an increase of the graphene size and the aromatic cluster size. During the carbon film growth the addition of metals enhances ordering of sp 2 carbon in sixfold aromatic clusters compared to a-C, Ti and Zr showing the strongest effect, W the lowest. This order qualitatively corresponds with the catalytic activity of the respective carbides found during graphitization of carbide-doped graphites published in the literature. With annealing, carbide crystallite formation and growth occurs in a-C:Me films, which destroys the initial carbon structure, reduces the size of the initially formed aromatic clusters and the differences in carbon structure introduced by different dopants. For high annealing temperatures the carbon structure of a-C:Me films is similar to that of a-C, and is determined only by the annealing temperature.2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of doping (Ti, V, Zr, W) and annealing on the sp2 carbon structure of amorphous carbon films

Adelhelm

Balden

Rinke

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Another important dust-related issue for ITER is the degradation of in-vessel diagnostic components, such as mirrors, due to dust impact [6].…”

Section: And the References Therein)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Aspects of Dust in Fusion Devices

Krasheninnikov¹,

Pigarov

Smirnov

et al. 2010

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

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It is known that micro-particles (dust) exist in fusion devices. However, an impact of dust on plasma contamination, material migration, and performance of fusion devices is still under debate. In burning plasma experiments like ITER dust can also pose safety problems related to it's chemical activity, toxicity, tritium retention, and radioactive content. In order to address all these issues we need to understand the physics of dust generation, dynamics, and transport. In this paper, the results of recent theoretical studies of dust in fusion plasmas are reviewed. Different aspects of the physics of dust in fusion plasmas, including the processes of dust generation, charging, heating, destruction, spinning, forces acting on dust, dust collision with material walls, etc are discussed. The numerical models of these processes have been incorporated into the dust transport code DUSTT, which is capable of tracking of dust particles in fusion devices in 3D geometry. The results of the simulations of dust particle dynamics, transport, and the impact on edge plasma performance are considered. The latest results on nonlinear interactions of dust grain with tokamak plasma as well as remaining gaps in the understanding of physics of dust in fusion devices are discussed.

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“…Hydrogen isotopes such as tritium trapped in them and on their surface can also react with air. Their vaporization in the edge of fusion plasmas can be a source of impurity, leading to deterioration of plasma confinement [10]. Therefore, their maximum quantity in International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor is restricted below 6 kg of carbon or 11 kg of beryllium and 230 kg tungsten [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of H₂plasma etching to radial profile of amount of dust particles in a divertor simulator

Tateishi

Koga

Yamashita

et al. 2014

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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ITER and plasma surface interaction issues in a fusion reactor

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Influence of doping (Ti, V, Zr, W) and annealing on the sp2 carbon structure of amorphous carbon films

Influence of doping (Ti, V, Zr, W) and annealing on the sp2 carbon structure of amorphous carbon films

Theoretical Aspects of Dust in Fusion Devices

Contribution of H₂plasma etching to radial profile of amount of dust particles in a divertor simulator

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ITER and plasma surface interaction issues in a fusion reactor

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Influence of doping (Ti, V, Zr, W) and annealing on the sp2 carbon structure of amorphous carbon films

Influence of doping (Ti, V, Zr, W) and annealing on the sp2 carbon structure of amorphous carbon films

Theoretical Aspects of Dust in Fusion Devices

Contribution of H2plasma etching to radial profile of amount of dust particles in a divertor simulator

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Contribution of H₂plasma etching to radial profile of amount of dust particles in a divertor simulator