Iterated privation and positive predication

Jespersen, Bjørn; Carrara, Massimiliano; Duží, Marie

doi:10.1016/j.jal.2017.12.004

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The issue of iterated privation has been dealt with by Jespersen & Carrara whom later the author of this paper joined. For the results see [7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sum of four genuine banknotes and one forged banknote is four banknotes and not five (though five pieces of paper). 7 This is also to say that Genuine is an idle modifier: anything is a genuine F iff it is an F. This is not to say that the same material object may not be genuine in one respect and fail to be genuine in another. For instance, an artefact being passed off as a paper banknote may fail to be a banknote (being a forged banknote), while being indeed made of paper (rather than polymer, say), thereby being a paper artefact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Property Modifiers and Intensional Essentialism

Duží

2018

CyS

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In this paper, I deal with property modifiers defined as functions that associate a given root property P with a modified property [M P]. Property modifiers typically divide into four kinds, namely intersective, subsective, privative and modal. Here I do not deal with modal modifiers like alleged, which appear to be wellnigh logically lawless, because, for instance, an alleged assassin is or is not an assassin. The goal of this paper is to logically define the three remaining kinds of modifiers together with the rule of left subsectivity that I launch as the rule of pseudo-detachment to replace the modifier M in the premise by the property M* in the conclusion, and prove that the rule of pseudodetachment is valid for all kinds of modifiers. Furthermore, it is defined in a way that avoids paradoxes like a small elephant being smaller than a large mouse.

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“…The issue of iterated privation has been dealt with by Jespersen & Carrara whom later the author of this paper joined. For the results see [7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Property Modifiers and Intensional Essentialism

Duží

2018

CyS

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“…In the case of iterated privation, privative modifiers are replaced by the general privative modifier Non. See (Jespersen et al 2017).…”

Section: Limiting Cases Of Modal Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limiting Cases of Modal Modification: Reply to Kosterec

Jespersen¹

2020

orgf

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“…Horn, Wansing (2017, §1.4) Yet a similar phenomenon arises also in the case of privative modifiers of properties. The problem of privation of properties has been dealt with by Jespersen, Carrara and Duží (2017) where the authors show that modifiers privative with respect to a property P turn the root property P to the property [M P] that is contrary rather than contradictory with respect to P. To this end they apply the method of intensional essentialism, which operates on properties (intensions) rather than their extensions. The authors argue that each property P is necessarily associated with an essence, which is the set of the so-called requisites of P that jointly define P. Privation deprives P of some but not all of its requisites, replacing them by their contradictories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negation and presupposition, truth and falsity

Duží

2018

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric

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There are many kinds of negation and denial. Perhaps the most common is the Boolean negation not that applies to propositions-in-extension, i.e. truth-values. The others are, inter alia, the property of propositions of not being true which applies to propositions; the complement function which applies to sets; privation which applies to properties; negation as failure applied in logic programming; negation as argumentation ad absurdum, and many others. The goal of this paper is neither to provide a complete list, nor to analyse all of them. Rather, I am going to deal with negation of propositions that come attached with a presupposition that is entailed by the positive as well as negated form of a given proposition. However, there are two kinds of negation, namely internal and external negation. I am going to prove that while the former is presupposition-preserving, the latter is presupposition-denying. This issue has much in common with the difference between topic and focus articulation within a sentence. Whereas articulating the topic of a sentence activates a presupposition, articulating the focus frequently yields merely an entailment. The main contribution of this paper is the proof that the two kinds of negation are not equivalent. While the Russellian wide-scope (external) negation gets the truthconditions of a sentence right for a subject occurring as a focus, Strawsonian narrow-scope (internal) negation is validly applicable for a subject occurring as the topic. I also deal with other kinds of presupposition triggers, in particular factive attitudes and prerequisites of a given property. My background theory is Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL). TIL is an expressive logic apt for the analysis of sentences with presuppositions, because in TIL we work with partial functions, in particular with propositions with truth-value gaps. Moreover, the procedural semantics of TIL make it possible to uncover the hidden semantic features of sentences, make them explicit and logically tractable.

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Iterated privation and positive predication

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Property Modifiers and Intensional Essentialism

Property Modifiers and Intensional Essentialism

Limiting Cases of Modal Modification: Reply to Kosterec

Negation and presupposition, truth and falsity

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