Iterative Frequency Domain Maximum Likelihood OFDM Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation

Spectral Efficiency Comparison of OFDM and MC-CDMA with Carrier Frequency Offset

“…It combines OFDM and code division multiple access (CDMA) to give advantages of both, including high data rate, high spectral efficiency, robustness to frequency selective fading, multiple access capability and narrow band interference rejection among others [2][3][4]. However, due to carrier frequency offset (CFO) both OFDMA and MC-CDMA systems suffer from inter-carrier interference (ICI) and multiple access interference (MAI), [5][6][7][8][9]. The CFO appears due to frequency difference of local oscillators in transmitter and receiver, and the Doppler shift in frequency due to motion of transmitter and/or receiver.…”

Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation in OFDM systems as a Quadratic Eigenvalue Problem

“…In [14], frequency offsets are estimated by inserting null subcarriers into a single OFDM block and a deterministic maximum likelihood (ML) approach for the CFO estimation has been derived. In [15], an iterative frequency domain maximum likelihood CFO algorithm leads to ML and LS iterative estimators using the available pilot grid that is used for channel state information estimation.…”