iTRAQ‐based proteomics of sunflower cultivars differing in resistance to parasitic weed Orobanche cumana

Abstract

Orobanche cumana is an obligate root parasite causing severe damage to many economically important crops, including sunflowers worldwide. For efficient control measures, it is necessary to understand the resistant mechanism during interaction at molecular level. The present study emphasizes on comparative proteomics to investigate the mechanistic basis of compatible and incompatible interaction of O. cumana with resistant (JY207) and susceptible (TK0409) sunflowers. More than 3500 proteins were identified from two cultivars by iTRAQ analysis. Identified proteins associated with general functions, posttranslational modification, energy production and conversion, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and signal transduction mechanisms were the most represented category of induced proteins in both cultivars. The resistant interaction was characterized by alteration of defense-related proteins involved in recognition of parasites, accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins, biosynthesis of lignin, and detoxification of toxic metabolites in JY207 after inoculation. The susceptible interaction was characterized by decreased abundance of proteins involved in biosynthesis and signaling of plant growth regulators including auxin, gibberellin, brassinosteroid, and ethylene in TK0409 after inoculation. The present study provides comprehensive details of proteins and differential modulation of pathways regulated under compatible and incompatible interaction, allowing the identification of important molecular components for development of sustainable resistance against this parasite.

Genetic and Genomic Tools in Sunflower Breeding for Broomrape Resistance

“…Response of the resistant genotype to broomrape race G infection included regulation of pathways associated with energy metabolism, alteration of defense-related proteins that participate in the recognition of the parasite, accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins, lignin biosynthesis, and detoxification of toxic metabolites. In the susceptible genotypes, the decrease was observed considering the abundance of proteins involved in the biosynthesis as well as the signaling of plant growth regulation [93]. In this study, the molecular basis of sunflower resistance to broomrape has been broken down into steps and explained in detail.…”

“…The first study by Yang et al [93] provided an overall insight into compatible and incompatible interaction mechanisms between resistant and susceptible sunflower genotypes and broomrape. Over 3500 proteins were identified in tested sunflower genotypes by iTRAQ analysis.…”

On the Promising Role of Enzyme Activity Assay in Interpreting Comparative Proteomic Data in Plants

“…Therefore, the differences in specific enzyme activity among assays are comparable to the abundance differences of DAPs in comparative proteomic analysis. Should specific enzyme activity not agree with enzyme abundance, perhaps enzyme activity can be compared per unit weight of tissue, organ, or whole plant. In addition, EAA was also used to corroborate the results generated by 2D‐DIGE proteomic experiments…”

Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

“…It is the fourth important oilseed crop which contributes to 12% of the edible oil produced globally. However, sunflower production has been threatened by different stresses, among which drought and salinity are two major abiotic constraints [16] and parasitic weed Orobanche cumana is a new emerged biotic issue worldwide [17]. WRKY transcription factors are involved in regulation of plant tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses.…”