IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series. 89. Alkali Metal Nitrates. Part 1. Lithium Nitrate

Orlova, V. T.

doi:10.1063/1.3437029

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…First, a composite UV photopolymerizable resin was prepared by mixing the aqueous solution of metal precursor salts in stoichiometric amounts, photoinitiator, and polymer matrix; as described in the Materials and methods section . Nitrate precursor salts were selected as the metal precursors among many different salts due to their superior solubility in water 27 , 28 . The higher solubility of salts also enabled the preparation of comparatively concentrated metal solutions (3 mol L −1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery electrode material via vat photopolymerization precursor approach

Martinez

Maurel

Aranzola

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Additive manufacturing, also called 3D printing, has the potential to enable the development of flexible, wearable and customizable batteries of any shape, maximizing energy storage while also reducing dead-weight and volume. In this work, for the first time, three-dimensional complex electrode structures of high-energy density LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (NMC 111) material are developed by means of a vat photopolymerization (VPP) process combined with an innovative precursor approach. This innovative approach involves the solubilization of metal precursor salts into a UV-photopolymerizable resin, so that detrimental light scattering and increased viscosity are minimized, followed by the in-situ synthesis of NMC 111 during thermal post-processing of the printed item. The absence of solid particles within the initial resin allows the production of smaller printed features that are crucial for 3D battery design. The formulation of the UV-photopolymerizable composite resin and 3D printing of complex structures, followed by an optimization of the thermal post-processing yielding NMC 111 is thoroughly described in this study. Based on these results, this work addresses one of the key aspects for 3D printed batteries via a precursor approach: the need for a compromise between electrochemical and mechanical performance in order to obtain fully functional 3D printed electrodes. In addition, it discusses the gaps that limit the multi-material 3D printing of batteries via the VPP process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive manufacturing of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery electrode material via vat photopolymerization precursor approach

Martinez

Maurel

Aranzola

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The most logical way to do this would be to increase the concentration of the commonly used LiNO 3 or Li 2 SO 4 salts in water. In this case, LiNO 3 can reach significantly higher mol/kg (molality, m) solubility in water at 20°C of about 14 m 64–66 as compared with Li 2 SO 4 that reaches a maximum of about 3.1 m 67 in water at 20°C, which then decreases with increasing temperature. In practice, LiNO 3 was used at concentrations of 5–6 M, so that increasing amounts of LiNO 3 could have been utilized; however, the nucleation of LiNO 3 ·3H 2 O would have been a significant problem in areas of local H 2 O depletion or hydrolysis.…”

Section: Reducible Anion Aqueous Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Aqueous lithium‐ion batteries

Cresce

2021

Carbon Energy

133

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Aqueous electrolytes were once the rule for the battery industry. Until the advent of lithium ion batteries, a majority of commercially relevant batteries utilized water as the solvent for ion exchange. The development of the intercalation‐based lithium ion battery upended the industrial aqueous electrolyte paradigm: the high energy density of the lithium‐ion battery was revolutionary but required the use of organic electrolytes capable of passivating strongly redox active electrodes. With the safety of organic electrolytes becoming an issue in the early 1990s, a small community re‐examined aqueous electrolytes for lithium ion batteries. The first such audacious attempt was by Dahn et al., who conceptualized an aqueous lithium‐ion battery chemistry based on electrode materials suitable for the narrow electrochemical stability window of water, sacrificing energy density and cycle life for safety and low cost. The concept of an aqueous lithium‐ion battery was revived in the mid‐2010s with “highly concentrated” electrolytes, expanding the electrochemical stability window of water to regions comparable with nonaqueous electrolytes. Since then, significant efforts have been made around the world, aiming to understand the nature of the interfacial stability in those high‐concentration electrolytes as well as to further make the system viable for practical batteries. This review summarizes these efforts in this emerging frontier of new battery chemistries.

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“…Therefore, the solid-liquid ratio of the leaching should be large. On the other hand, LiNO 3 has a very high solubility of 900 g/L [9]. Therefore, for efficient selective lithium leaching and recovery, leaching is required after conversion to LiNO 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Roasting for Selective Lithium Leaching of Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Jung

Yoo

Park

et al. 2021

Metals

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Recently, many studies have been conducted on the materialization of spent batteries. In conventional cases, lithium is recovered from an acidic solution through the leaching and separation of valuable metals; however, it is difficult to remove impurities because lithium is recovered in the last step. Cathode active materials of lithium-ion batteries comprise oxides with lithium, such as LiNixCoyMnzO2 and LiCoO2. Thus, lithium should be converted into a compound that can be leached in deionized water for selective lithium leaching. Recent studies on the leaching and recovery of Li2CO3 through a carbon reduction reaction show low economic efficiency, due to the solubility of Li2CO3 at room temperature being as low as 13 g/L. This paper proposes a method of roasting after nitric acid deposition for selective lithium leaching and recovery to LiNO3. Based on experiments involving the varying of the amount of nitric acid, roasting temperature, and solid–liquid ratio, optimal values were found to be dipping in 10 M HNO3 2 mL/g, roasting at 275 °C, and deionized water with a solid–liquid ratio of 10 mL/g, respectively. Over 80% Li leaching was possible under these conditions. IC analysis confirmed that the purity was 97% lithium nitrate.

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IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series. 89. Alkali Metal Nitrates. Part 1. Lithium Nitrate

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Additive manufacturing of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery electrode material via vat photopolymerization precursor approach

Additive manufacturing of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery electrode material via vat photopolymerization precursor approach

Aqueous lithium‐ion batteries

Study on Roasting for Selective Lithium Leaching of Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

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