IVIG trials in MS. Is albumin a placebo?

Hommes, O. R.; Haas, Judith; Soelberg-Sorenson, Per; Friedrichs, Mieke

doi:10.1007/s00415-009-0893-3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, when comparing IVIgtreated cells to BSA-treated cells, increase mRNA expression could be incorrectly interpreted as a relative higher expression for IVIg-treated cells. Those results confirm previous studies showing that BSA have properties that make it unsuitable as a placebo [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Modulation of human B lymphocyte differentiation by therapeutic immunoglobulins: from protein to mRNA levels

Dussault¹,

Dumont²,

Néron³

2011

OJI

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Several groups are investigating the mechanisms of action of therapeutic immunoglobulins (IVIg) in order to improve their use. In vitro models such as CD40-CD154 interaction are necessary to study the physiological response of human B lymphocytes to IVIg. Human B lymphocytes treated with IVIg triggers a rapid phospho-rylation (<1 h) of extracellular-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), which subsequently results in increased differentiation and decreased pro-liferation. However, the modulation of human lymphocyte physiology by IVIg is a gradual and cumulative process and requires long-term experimentation. Differentiation of human B lymphocytes into Ig-secreting cells can be evaluated both at the transcription and translation levels. The secretion of immunoglobulins can be assessed using ELISA or ELISPOTS whereas expression of immunoglobulin genes can be measured using semi-quantitative or quantitative PCR methods. We hereby report a comparison of these methods to explain how contradictory observations towards IVIg effects could result from their use. Our results indicate that ELISA and ELISPOTS will provide consistent observations by opposition to real-time PCR quantification. Besides, the reliability of each of these me-thods remained dependent on the stimulation period as well as the preparation of cellular extracts or cell samples following IVIg-treatment

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Modulation of human B lymphocyte differentiation by therapeutic immunoglobulins: from protein to mRNA levels

Dussault¹,

Dumont²,

Néron³

2011

OJI

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“…In MS, many reports had shown benefit of IVIG but the large PRIVIG study showed no benefit of monthly treatment over 1 year (418). (Interestingly, the placebo group receiving albumin did show benefit, prompting comments (425).) This negative conclusion provoked letters objecting to the study design, chiefly on the grounds that dosing was too low.…”

Section: Intravenous Immunoglobulinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complement in neurobiology

W²,

Ahn

et al. 2011

Front Biosci

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The complement (C) system is a vital arm of innate immunity with many roles, including control of inflammation. This article examines the (C) system with emphasis on recent developments on complement relevant to neurobiology, in particular regarding our understanding and treatment of immune-mediated diseases. We will briefly outline the C system, and provide an updated review of its many receptors and regulatory factors. This section concludes with a listing of important roles of the C system, from recruitment of neural stem/progenitor cells, to its' relation to coagulation and adaptive immunity, and its lesser-known but beneficial roles in physiology. We also review evidence for C-mediated diseases, which include multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. Therapeutic approaches for C-mediated diseases, considers emphasizing modulators of the C system including several less widely studied approaches such as heparinoids, vitamin D, and intravenous IgM. Finally, we summarize cutting-edge work on the role of C-mediated natural antibodies in autoimmunity and treatment strategies based on those findings, e.g., for remyelination and post-ischemic stroke repair. Improved understanding of the C system may hold great promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Clinical trials of multiple sclerosis therapies

Rudick¹

2011

Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics

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IVIG trials in MS. Is albumin a placebo?

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Modulation of human B lymphocyte differentiation by therapeutic immunoglobulins: from protein to mRNA levels

Modulation of human B lymphocyte differentiation by therapeutic immunoglobulins: from protein to mRNA levels

Complement in neurobiology

Clinical trials of multiple sclerosis therapies

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