James I

Durston, Christopher

doi:10.4324/9780203129371

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Both groups activated clear attentional networks {Cabeza, 2000 #9291}. There were clear trends towards decreased activation over time as would be expected based on the neuroscience literature {Durston, 2006 #9851}. Finally, the interaction effect in the right middle frontal gyrus is consistent with morphometric differences in cortical thickness reported in ADHD samples {Makris, 2007 #9529}.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Studies have begun to examine functional changes as a result of maturation. Regarding the prefrontal cortices, brain activation becomes more focal with age {Durston, 2006 #9851; Brown, 2005 #9852}. In the context of this study, the developmental explanation for the decrease in MFG function among the normal controls from Time 1 to Time 2 is somewhat confusing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Differential Patterns of Brain Activation over Time in Adolescents with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during Performance of a Sustained Attention Task

Epstein¹,

DelBello²,

Adler³

et al. 2009

Neuropediatrics

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Objective Recent morphometric studies suggest that children with ADHD may demonstrate differential or delayed brain development than children without ADHD. Further, the regions that appear to be affected are regions that control attention and executive functioning. This study examines the developmental course of brain activation patterns during an attention task. Method Ten adolescents with ADHD and 14 normal controls performed a continuous performance task twice one year apart. fMRI scans were collected at each timepoint. Results In the absence of performance differences, children with ADHD and normal controls activated frontal-parietal regions while performing an attention task at initial testing. One year later, the normal control group evidenced no task-related areas of activation while performing the same task while the children with ADHD showed less activation at the second testing but continued to evidence task-related activations in bilateral frontal areas and left parietal lobe at the time of the second testing. In particular, children with ADHD appeared to require continued use of the right middle frontal gyrus during administration of testing one year apart while normal controls did not activate this region at the time of the second testing. Conclusions Children with ADHD appear to maintain the use of right prefrontal regions during attentional tasks beyond what is observed among normal controls. Given observed cortical thinning in corresponding brain regions, future research must address the recipocal effects of volumetric reductions and a continued need for using these regions to perform basic attentional tasks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%