Janus composite film comprising metal–organic framework/polyimide and BNNSs/polyimide as high energy storage dielectrics

Abstract

In order to prepare polymer dielectric materials with high energy storage density, a series of polyimide (PI) based Janus composite films were prepared by metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) material (UiO‐66) with high dielectric constant (ɛr) and boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) with high breakdown strength (Eb). As reported, the UiO‐66 can significantly improve the ɛr of the composites. The ɛr of 20 wt% UiO‐66/PI film is 10.51 at 103 Hz, which is 3.1 times that of pure PI film (3.39 at 103 Hz). However, the Eb of 20 wt% UiO‐66/PI is only 58 MV m−1, which is only 16.51% of pure PI (352 MV m−1). The sharp decline in Eb reduces the energy storage capacity of the composites. To solve this problem, first, BNNSs with an average diameter of 2 μm and a thickness of 1.36 nm (about 4–5 layer) were obtained by hydrothermal reflux stripping. BNNSs/PI//UiO‐66/PI Janus composite films with double‐layer structure were prepared by directly casting BNNSs/PI on the surface of UiO‐66/PI. For 0.3 wt% BNNSs/PI//10 wt% UiO‐66/PI, the calculated energy storage density (Ue) is 5.75 J cm−3 at 140 MV m−1, which is 3.57 times that of pure PI film (1.61 J cm−3 at 140 MV m−1). Meanwhile, the charge discharge efficiency is 82.55% (at 140 MV m−1).Highlights BNNSs prepared by hydrothermal reflux stripping have fewer layers. BNNSs/PI composites improve the Eb of UiO‐66/PI composites by Janus structure. The Ue of BP‐0.3//UP‐10 composites with Janus structure was 5.75 J cm−3.