Japanese encephalitis revisited

Systems Thinking: Prevention and Control of Japanese Encephalitis - "The Plague of the Orient"

“…During epidemic outbreaks, a febrile meningeal syndrome should be considered for JE above any other diagnostic consideration. In endemic regions, other arboviruses should be investigated when symptoms of viral encephalitis are present, especially in children (Diagana et al, 2007). Nowadays, confirmation of JE virus infection depends mostly on serologic assays such as IgM antibody detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) Shope & Meegan, 1997).…”

“…• Confirmation of the diagnosis of JE must be based on multiple criteria including clinical, biological, europhysiologic and cerebral imaging findings (Diagana et al, 2007).…”

“…Despite a few cases of encephalomyelitis reported in children after having received the Mouse Brain-derived JE Vaccine, the WHO is considering using it in its immunization campaign since the benefits far outweigh the risks. Because of the availability and simplicity of use, the attenuated live vaccine based on the SA 14-14-2 strain offers an interesting alternative (Diagana et al, 2007).…”

Japanese Encephalitis: An Emerging and Spreading Arbovirosis

“…Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which causes significant epidemics of encephalitis worldwide with 50,000 cases of encephalitis mostly affecting the children below 10 years of age causing 10,000 deaths annually (Saxena 2008, Diagana et al, 2007. It is well distributed all over Asia and posing threat to many other nations (Yamanaka et al, 2010) JEV strong presence can be felt in the south, southeast, and the east regions of Asia (Shimojima et al, 2011).…”

Decreased Intensity of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Under Influence of Ultradiluted Belladonna Extract

“…Vaccines for JE have been available for many years and their use has been effective in reducing the incidence of JE disease in several countries (Diagana et al, 2007) but, as disease incidence has decreased, concerns regarding adverse events following immunization have increased (Beasley et al, 2008). Childhood mass immunization programs with first generation, mouse brain-derived vaccines showed occurrence of severe side effects in Japan.…”