Jargon aphasia: What have we learned?

Marshall, Jane

doi:10.1080/02687030500489946

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…For example, Edwards (2005) demonstrates that people with fluent aphasia may make a variety of grammatical errors. Nevertheless, it remains true that syntax is typically a relative strength in this form of aphasia (see arguments in Marshall, 2006). So nonword and other lexical errors are often appropriately inflected and embedded into phrase structures (e.g., Butterworth, 1985) and people with Wernicke's aphasia reveal surprisingly preserved gap-filling operations on judgement tasks (Swinney & Zurif, 1995;Zurif, Swinney, Prather, Solomon, & Bushell, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Aristotle's functional association psychology. The syntagmatic and the paradigmatic axes in the neurolinguistics of Roman Jakobson and Alexander Luria: An anatomical and functional quagmire

Buckingham

2010

Aphasiology

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Background: Different classifications of aphasic disorders have been proposed over the years. During recent decades new approaches to aphasia study have been developed, suggesting that current aphasia classifications can and should be reconsidered. Aims: The purpose of this paper is to attempt to integrate contemporary knowledge about brain organisation of language and to propose a new aphasia classification. Main Contribution: It is emphasised that there are two fundamental forms of aphasia, which are linked to impairments in the lexical/semantic and grammatical systems of language (Wernicke-type aphasia and Broca-type aphasia, respectively). Grammar correlates with the ability to represent actions (verbs) and depends on what is known as Broca's area and its related brain circuits, but it is also related to the ability to quickly carry out the sequencing of articulatory movements required for speaking (speech praxis). Lexical/semantic and grammatical systems not only depend on different brain circuitries, but also on different types of memory and learning (declarative and procedural). Other aphasic syndromes do not really impair language knowledge per se, but rather peripheral mechanisms required to produce language (conduction aphasia and aphasia of the supplementary motor area), or the executive control of the language (extra-Sylvian or transcortical motor aphasia). Conclusions: A new classification of aphasic syndromes is proposed: primary (or ''central'') aphasias (Wernicke's aphasia-three subtypes-and Broca aphasia); secondary (or ''peripheral'') aphasias (conduction aphasia and supplementary motor area aphasia); and dysexecutive aphasia (extra-Sylvian-transcortical-motor aphasia), are distinguished.Over 20 different aphasia classifications have been proposed since Broca's first report (Broca, 1863). Table 1 presents the main aphasia classification proposals presented in recent decades. However, two points should be emphasised: (1) some of these classifications have played a guiding role in clinical practice and language research; and (2) differences are frequently observed in the names used, not in the clinical characterisation of the aphasia syndromes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Aristotle's functional association psychology. The syntagmatic and the paradigmatic axes in the neurolinguistics of Roman Jakobson and Alexander Luria: An anatomical and functional quagmire

Buckingham

2010

Aphasiology

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“…However, our patient did not show pressured speech. A self-monitoring deficit or anosognosia (Marshall, 2006) might account for our patient's semantic jargon, but such deficits generally do not explain the specific reasons for semantic jargon because most patients with jargon aphasia -and even some patients with aphasia who show no jargon aphasia -show self-monitoring deficits or anosognosia. Our study thus extends the literature support for a positive correlation between attentional dysfunction and semantic jargon (Brown, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional dysfunction and word-finding difficulties are related to semantic jargon after a thalamic lesion: a case report

Nakajima

Funayama

2017

Aphasiology

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Background: Although many case reports on neologistic jargon have been documented, reports on semantic jargon are extremely rare, suggesting that semantic jargon may occur more rarely than neologistic jargon. Aims: To investigate potential mechanisms underlying semantic jargon. Methods & Procedures:We describe a patient who presented with semantic jargon after a left thalamic hemorrhage that mainly affected the pulvinar, lateral posterior nucleus, centromedian nucleus, and reticular nucleus. She was followed for 8 years, during which the temporal changes in her linguistic and neuropsychological functions were investigated. Outcomes & Results: The patient's semantic jargon disappeared and selective attention improved in parallel. Word-finding deficits remained at the end of the observation period. Conclusions: Our observations of this patient suggest that a thalamic lesion can cause attentional and linguistic dysfunction that does not activate an intended word and its images and, conversely, fails to inactivate non-relevant words and associated images, resulting in semantic jargon.

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“…Neologistic errors arise because word nodes have either been lost or they have been disconnected from the phoneme level. A random source of phonemes "fills in" the response (Buckingham, 1981;Butterworth, 1979;Moses, Nickels, & Sheard, 2004; for Buckingham, the random source is syllables, for Butterworth, it is morphemes, for Moses, Nickels & Sheard it is previous responses; see Marshall, 2006). Target-related errors, instead, result from failure to access a limited number of the phonemes at phoneme selection, the same locus where errors arise in the one source account.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 94%

Target/error overlap in jargonaphasia: The case for a one-source model, lexical and non-lexical summation, and the special status of correct responses

Olson

Halloran

Romani

2015

Cortex

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We present three jargonaphasic patients who made phonological errors in naming, repetition and reading. We analyse target/response overlap using statistical models to answer three questions: 1) Is there a single phonological source for errors or two sources, one for target-related errors and a separate source for abstruse errors? 2) Can correct responses be predicted by the same distribution used to predict errors or do they show a completion boost (CB)? 3) Is non-lexical and lexical information summed during reading and repetition? The answers were clear. 1) Abstruse errors did not require a separate distribution created by failure to access word forms. Abstruse and target-related errors were the endpoints of a single overlap distribution. 2) Correct responses required a special factor, e.g., a CB or lexical/phonological feedback, to preserve their integrity. 3) Reading and repetition required separate lexical and non-lexical contributions that were combined at output.

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Jargon aphasia: What have we learned?

Cited by 50 publications

References 91 publications

Aristotle's functional association psychology. The syntagmatic and the paradigmatic axes in the neurolinguistics of Roman Jakobson and Alexander Luria: An anatomical and functional quagmire

Aristotle's functional association psychology. The syntagmatic and the paradigmatic axes in the neurolinguistics of Roman Jakobson and Alexander Luria: An anatomical and functional quagmire

Attentional dysfunction and word-finding difficulties are related to semantic jargon after a thalamic lesion: a case report

Target/error overlap in jargonaphasia: The case for a one-source model, lexical and non-lexical summation, and the special status of correct responses

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