Jasmonic acid-induced tolerance to root-knot nematodes in tomato plants through altered photosynthetic and antioxidative defense mechanisms

Abstract

Plant parasitic nematodes cause severe damage to cultivated crops globally. Management of nematode population is a major concern as chemicals used as nematicides have negative impact on the environment. Natural plant products can be safely used for the control of nematodes. Among various plant metabolites, plant hormones play an essential role in developmental and physiological processes and also assist the plants to encounter stressful conditions. Keeping this in mind, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of jasmonic acid (JA) on the growth, pigments, polyphenols, antioxidants, osmolytes, and organic acids under nematode infection in tomato seedlings. It was observed that nematode inoculation reduced the growth of seedlings. Treatment with JA improved root growth (32.79%), total chlorophylls (71.51%), xanthophylls (94.63%), anthocyanins (37.5%), and flavonoids content (21.11%) when compared to inoculated seedlings alone. The JA application enhanced the total antioxidant capacity (lipid- and water-soluble antioxidants) by 38.23 and 34.37%, respectively, in comparison to infected seedlings. Confocal studies revealed that there was higher accumulation of glutathione in hormone-treated seedlings under nematode infection. Treatment with JA increased total polyphenols content (74.56%) in comparison to nematode-infested seedlings. JA-treated seedlings also enhanced osmolyte and organic acid contents under nematode stress. Overall, treatment with JA improved growth, enhanced pigment levels, modulated antioxidant content, and enhanced osmolyte and organic acid content in nematode-infected seedlings.

Seed Priming with Jasmonic Acid Counteracts Root Knot Nematode Infection in Tomato by Modulating the Activity and Expression of Antioxidative Enzymes

“…Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms behind defense-related responses in plants to endure under stress conditions and also explore fascinating channels to find a connection between physiological and molecular approaches. An earlier study conducted by Bali, et al [73] and the results obtained from the present study suggested that JA can be used as a potential candidate in biological control of M. incognita which can be an efficient approach to lower the usage of chemical nematicides and assist in developing sustainable agriculture practice. Seed priming with JA provides a novel strategy to improve growth and antioxidative defense mechanism under nematode stress and also act as a biocontrol against RKN.…”

Salicylic acid alleviates salinity stress through the modulation of biochemical attributes and some key antioxidants in wheat seedlings

“…Plant scientists are searching for some sustainable approaches that could escalate the production in salt affected soils. Phytohormones (SA) could be one of the approaches that will suffice the need and has been reported earlier also (Ahmad et al, 2018a;Bali et al, 2018;Mir et al, 2018). Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of NaCl on growth and biomass yield, osmolytes, activity of enzymatic antioxidants and mineral uptake.…”

Mitigation of sodium chloride toxicity inSolanum lycopersicumL. by supplementation of jasmonic acid and nitric oxide

“…Of them, jasmonic acid (JA) and nitric oxide (NO) have been shown to be involved in the regulation of several metabolic pathways, under both normal and stressful conditions (Ahmad, Abdel Latef, et al 2016;Ahmad, Rasool, et al 2016;Sirhindi et al 2016Sirhindi et al , 2017Ahmad et al 2017;Bali et al 2017). In addition to their individual effects, it has been proposed that there is a crosstalk among them, for eliciting important growth responses via mediation of signaling events (Zhou et al 2015;Ahmad, Rasool, et al 2016).…”