Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites

Abstract

The industrial residue of Jatobá wood flour (JWF) was reused during production of biocomposites based on polycaprolactone (PCL), 50% by weight of JWF was added to PCL matrix. Initially, maleic anhydride-grafted polycaprolactone compatibilizer (PCL-g-MA) was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and degree of grafting. Afterwards, PCL/JWF and PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA biocomposites were processed in an internal mixer and injection molded. From the gathered results, increase in torque and reduction in the melt flow index of PCL/JWF biocomposites were verified related to neat PCL. Upon addition of PCL-g-MA to PCL/JWF there was a lubricating effect with reduced torque and increased fluidity. PCL/JWF displayed increased elastic modulus, Shore D hardness, and heat deflection temperature (HDT) around 158.5%, 16% and 24.5%, respectively, related to PCL. Nevertheless, there was decline in tensile strength and impact strength, which were improved in PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA, suggesting higher interaction among phases, providing greater stress transfer. An interesting finding was the nucleating effect of JWF in PCL matrix, as the increased degree of crystallinity and accelerated crystallization. Morphology of PCL/JWF evidenced several voids, but upon compatibilization with PCL-g-MA, the interfacial adhesion and wetness increased, improving the mechanical properties. JWF reusing presents great potential to produce sustainable biocomposites, reducing the final product costs.

Sustainable Cotton Gin Waste/Polycaprolactone Bio-Plastic with Adjustable Biodegradation Rate: Scale-Up Production through Compression Moulding

“…In this regard, polycaprolactone (PCL), a biodegradable polyester, has received great attention due to its proven biocompatibility and low-temperature processing, which are essential for scale up thermoplastic production [20]. PCL has been blended with natural fibres such as coconut fibres [21], wood flour [22], macaiba fiber [23] and wool [24] to produce sustainable composites. Preparation of PCL composites have been more frequently used in various applications, such as films [25], 3D printing [24], tissue engineering and medical devices [20].…”

On the Production of Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Compounds with Metallic Stearates Based on Zinc, Magnesium and Cobalt. Investigation of Torque Rheometry and Thermal Properties

“…[1][2][3] This concern emerges from a long evolution of the perception that industrial and human actions have negatively affected nature, especially with the inappropriate disposal of plastic products. [4][5][6] In this context, products derived from commodity polymers such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and polystyrene (PS) draw a lot of attention as a source of environmental pollution, both during the products processing and waste production, as well as the post-consumption by the population. [7][8][9] These materials have relatively high resistance to biological agents and weathering, heading to accumulation in natural ecosystems and promoting severe problems to the community when discarded.…”

Toward the Improvement of Maleic Anhydride Functionalization in Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB): Effect of Styrene Monomer and Sn(Oct)2 Catalyst

“…In this context, biodegradable polymers have gained notoriety for promoting the use of ecologically correct raw materials, contributing to sustainability, and reducing the life cycle in the environment [12,13]. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) are biodegradable polymers with broad technological potential for the plastics transformation sector, aiming at the production of food packaging, bags, and products for agriculture [14][15][16]. In addition, they minimize the environmental impact and pollution on natural ecosystems and, therefore, fit the concept of sustainability [17,18].…”