Fishery, market and consumption of edible jellyfish are currently limited in western countries by the lack of market demand for jellyfish products and the absence of processing technologies adequate to the western market safety standards. The development of technology-driven processing protocols may be key to comply with rigorous food safety rules, overcome the lack of tradition and revert the neophobic perception of jellyfish as food. We show thermal treatment (100 °C, 10 min) can be used as a first stabilization step on three common Mediterranean jellyfish, the scyphomedusae Aurelia coerulea, Cotylorhiza tuberculata, Rhizostoma pulmo, differently affecting protein and phenolic contents of their main body parts. The antioxidant activity was assessed in thermally treated and untreated samples, as related to the functional and health value of the food. Heat treatment had mild effect on protein and phenolic contents and on antioxidant activity. The jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo, showed the better performance after thermal treatment. Keywords Edible jellyfish • Marine scyphozoans • Novel food • Antioxidant foods • Thermal processing • Antioxidant activity Abbreviations AA Antioxidant activity ABTS 2,20-azinobis(3-ethylben-zothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt BSA Bovine serum albumin GAE Gallic acid equivalents TE Trolox equivalents Trolox 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid TEAC Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity WB Whole fresh jellyfish OA Oral arms U Umbrella A. coerulea Aurelia coerulea C. tuberculata Cotylorhiza tuberculata R. pulmo Rhizostoma pulmo