Jet diffusion from a circular nozzle above a solid plane

Abstract

The decay of a jet discharging from a circular nozzle parallel to and displaced from a solid surface is investigated under conditions where the transitional process from circular-jet flow to oblate wall-jet flow begins in the initial, transition or self-preserving regions of the original jet. The influence of displacement of the nozzle from the plane on the developed three-dimensional wall jet downstream is demonstrated and it is found that the transitional interaction with the plane is more extended when the plane interacts first in the initial zone of the circular jet. Measurements of turbulence and Reynolds stress show the transverse mixing parallel to the plane to exceed that perpendicular to the plane, and are generally consistent with the spreading rates in these two directions, the ratio of which approaches 8·5 at large distances from the nozzle. It is shown that the interaction between the plane and jet involves a relatively large-scale coherent motion in which components of velocity directed towards or away from the surface are associated with outflow or inflow along the surface. This motion is more extended in the direction parallel to the surface and provides a mechanism for the increases in mixing rate in the direction parallel to the plane.

Interaction of a turbulent round jet with the free surface

“…The wall jet growth rate in the transverse direction is 1 1 0.51 times the growth rate for the free jet. These results for the wall jet are in good agreement with the results of Davis and Winarto (1980). The mean growth rates of the 3 free-surface jet have not changed as a result of the interaction with the free surface.…”

Mass transfer at gas sparged interface between two immiscible nondispersed liquids in batch and continuous reactors

“…3 shows that the average Sh at a mercury pool whose surface is stirred by single phase flow from a side entry increases with the 0.89 power of Re, the smaller the feed nozzle diameter the higher the average Sh. The relatively high rate of mass transfer arises from the good mixing conditions at the mercury surface as a result of exchange of momentum between the submerged horizontal jet and the surrounding solution, as the jet proceeds along the mercury surface it spreads widely to cover a large area of the mercury surface [42,43]. Fig.…”

Retrieval Pump Flexible Suction Hose Dynamic Response Induced by Impact of a Mixer Pump Jet

“…Based on the data reported by Davis and Winarto (1980), a set of interpolating fimctions that characterize the jet dynamics was constructed. Speciilc data points were read from the experimental result plots provided by these authors.…”

“…The prediction for the full-scale flow rate was made assuming the velocity profile for the fi.dl-scalejet is shaped the same as that obtained by Davis and Winarto (1980). This is the data used to create the interpolating functions for predicting the velocity profile of an abovefloor-jet that was discussed in Section 4.…”