Jet formation and jet velocity fluctuations in a flue organ pipe

Vergé, Michel; Fabre, Benoı̂t; Mahu, W. E. A.; Hirschberg, Avraham; Hassel, R.R. van; Wijnands, A. P. J.; Vries, J. J. de; Hogendoorn, C.J.

doi:10.1121/1.408460

Cited by 56 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The details of the determination of these parameters were discussed by Verge et al 3 In the same paper, the flue exit was shown to be a volume source which acts as a sound source when the jet velocity U j fluctuates. This effect appears to be very important during the attack transient since it provides, in combination with the initial interaction of the jet with the labium, the signal that triggers the attack transient.…”

Section: The Basic Modelmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…As was discussed by Verge et al, 3 this representation enables one to take into account the effects of the jet velocity variations due to pressure fluctuations at the flue exit. At the flue exit, the mass conservation law can be applied where Q j , Q out, and Q in are the jet flow and the flow in the portion ␦ out and ␦ in of the mouth end correction, respectively.…”

Section: The Basic Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The model was developed from extensive sets of measurements and flow visualizations performed on a small experimental flue organ pipe. [2][3][4][5] The main concern was to develop a model that could reproduce the main features of measurements with as little arbitrary parameter adjustment as possible and in particular the Strouhal number dependency of the dimensionless amplitude of the fundamental discussed in the companion to this paper. This dependency indeed appears to be a fundamental characteristic of the functioning of flutelike instruments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sound production in recorderlike instruments. II. A simulation model

Verge

Hirschberg

Causse

1997

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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A simple one-dimensional representation of recorderlike instruments, that can be used for sound synthesis by physical modeling of flutelike instruments, is presented. This model combines the effects on the sound production by the instrument of the jet oscillations, vortex shedding at the edge of the labium, and turbulence in the mouth of the instrument. The jet oscillation model used is a modification of the semi-empirical model by Fletcher ͓J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 926-936 ͑1976͔͒. The steady-state drive of the acoustical oscillations in the pipe by the jet motion is represented by a pressure jump in the mouth of the instrument. Vortex shedding at the edge of the labium during steady-state operation is taken into account by the use of a free-jet model. The combined effects of this nonlinearity and the jet-drive model enable one to correctly predict the steady-state amplitude of the fundamental. The turbulence noise source is represented by an additional pressure jump across the mouth of the instrument having an amplitude scaling with the square of the jet velocity. This simple model appears to correctly predict the noise level and its spectrum, both with and without oscillations of the jet. The transient response of the model is triggered by the initial volume injection into the mouth of the instrument and is dependent on the steepness of the driving pressure rise.

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Section: The Basic Modelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Basic Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sound production in recorderlike instruments. II. A simulation model

Verge

Hirschberg

Causse

1997

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…Passive response of the pipe The description of the recorder is based on an acoustic model adapted from works of Verge 22 and Chaigne. 23 The geometry of the recorder permits a one-dimensional model.…”

Section: Simplified Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regime change and oscillation thresholds in recorder-like instruments

Auvray

Fabre

Lagrée

2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Based on results from the literature, a description of sound generation in a recorder is developed. Linear and non-linear analysis are performed to study the dependence of the frequency on the jet velocity. The linear analysis predicts that the frequency is a function of the jet velocity. The non-linear resolution provides information about limit cycle oscillation and hysteretic regime change thresholds. A comparison of the frequency between linear theory and experiments on a modified recorder shows good agreement except at very low jet velocities. Although the predicted threshold for the onset of the first regime shows an important deviation from experiments, the hysteresis of threshold to higher regimes is accurately estimated. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis of the influence of different parameters in the model on the sound generation and regime changes is presented.

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“…In fact, in steady blowing conditions, models not taking into account this effect (e.g. in [11]) led to an overestimation of the amplitude of the pressure oscillation in the pipe (see for example [17]). Therefore, as in [20], we have taken into account these interactions jet/labium, but as already mentioned, the system we are studying is different : the resonator's length is time-varying, controlled through the piston mechanism and there is no finger hole (see Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Acoustic Model for Automatic Control of a Slide Flute

d’Andréa-Novel¹,

Fabre²,

Coron³

2010

Acta Acustica united with Acustica

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Abstract-In this paper, we consider the problem of modeling and control of a slide flute : a kind of recorder without finger holes but which is ended by a piston mechanism to modify the length of the resonator. A previous study has been done (see [3]), but with a very simple boundary condition for the mouth, corresponding to an ideal situation assuming that the acoustic pressure is zero at the entrance of the resonator.In this work, we have taken into account a more realistic model, describing the coupling effects between the jet and the pipe. The jet is obtained by blowing through a flue channel and formed by flow separation at the flue exit, and finally directed towards a sharp edge, called the labium. The resulting structure can then be seen as a nonlinear oscillator coupled with the pipe which is a linear acoustic resonator. The pressure obtained through this model has been compared to the pressure measured on an actual instrument, a recorder closed at its end.A modal analysis is then performed using the linearized boundary conditions which can also be used to compute the suitable blowing pressure and the suitable pipe length to obtain a desired fundamental frequency or equivalently a desired pitch. This will constitute the basis of our control algorithm.A possible musical application of such a device is to build a flue instrument with a pitch independent of the dynamical level.

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Jet formation and jet velocity fluctuations in a flue organ pipe

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Sound production in recorderlike instruments. II. A simulation model

Sound production in recorderlike instruments. II. A simulation model

Regime change and oscillation thresholds in recorder-like instruments

An Acoustic Model for Automatic Control of a Slide Flute

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