Tri-electrode plasma actuator (TED-PA), which has a third electrode with high DC voltage, can generate stronger jet than that of conventional two-electrode type plasma actuator. However, the behavior of the jet in TED-PA is unexpected; the induced jet is deflected upward. To clarify the jet deflection mechanism and performance improvement mechanism of TED-PA, discharge plasma and flow field is numerically simulated based on the three-fluid plasma model and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with the body force term, respectively. The results show the jet deflection appears in both cases of negative and positive DC voltage; a rightward jet from the AC electrode and a leftward jet from the DC electrode are generated and the collision of the two jets generate the upward jet. The jet becomes stronger by the DC electrode due to two factors; the negative body force generation around the DC electrode and the positive body force enhancement around the AC electrode. The negative force generation around the DC electrode results from the drift motion of the positive ions in the positive DC voltage case, and on the other hand, that of the negative ions in the negative DC voltage case. The positive force enhancement around the AC electrode is due to the electric field intensification by the DC voltage. Nomenclature D e ,D p ,D n = diffusion coefficient for electron, positive ion and negative ion e = elementary charge E= electric field vector f = body force vector j e ,j p j n = electron, positive ion and negative ion current density n e ,n p ,n n = electron, positive ion and negative ion number density r ep = recombination coefficient between electron and positive ion r pn = recombination coefficient between positive ion and negative ion t = time T = one period of the AC voltage v e = mean velocity of electron α = ionization coefficient ε 0 , ε r = electric permittivity in the vacuum and relative electric pemittivity of the dielectric γ = secondary electron emission coefficient μ e , μ p , μ n = electron, positive ion and negative ion mobility η = attachment coefficient σ = surface charge density 1 Associate Professor, Institute of Engineering, Member AIAA. 2 Graduate student, Mechanical Systems Engineering. 3 Lecturer, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, AIAA senior member. Downloaded by KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOGSKOLEN KTH on July 17, 2015 | http://arc.aiaa.org |