JG26 attenuates ADAM17 metalloproteinase-mediated ACE2 receptor processing and SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro

Abstract

Background ADAM17 is a metalloprotease implicated in the proteolysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), known to play a critical role in the entry and spread of SARS-CoV-2. In this context, ADAM17 results as a potential novel target for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods In this study, we investigated the impact on ACE2 surface expression and the antiviral efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection of the selective ADAM17 inhibitor JG26 and its dimeric (compound 1) and glycoconjugate (compound 2) derivatives using Calu-3 human lung cells. Results None of the compounds exhibited cytotoxic effects on Calu-3 cells up to a concentration of 25 µM. Treatment with JG26 resulted in partial inhibition of both ACE2 receptor shedding and SARS-CoV-2 infection, followed by compound 1. Conclusion JG26, an ADAM17 inhibitor, demonstrated promising antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection, likely attributed to reduced sACE2 availability, thus limiting viral dissemination.