Jinggangmycin-Induced UDP-Glycosyltransferase 1-2-Like Is a Positive Modulator of Fecundity and Population Growth in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Abstract

The antibiotic jinggangmycin (JGM) is broadly applied in Chinese rice producing regions to control rice blight, a fungal disease. Aside from protecting rice plants from the disease, JGM leads to the unexpected action of stimulating brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens ; Hemiptera: Delphacidae) reproduction to the extent it can influence population sizes. The JGM-induced BPH population growth has potential for severe agricultural problems and we are working to understand and mitigate the mechanisms of the enhanced reproduction. UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are multifunctional detoxification enzymes responsible for biotransformation of diverse lipophilic compounds. The biological significance of this enzyme family in insect fecundity is not fully understood, however, upregulated UGT12 in JGM-treated BPH, may influence fecundity through metabolism of developmental hormones. This idea prompted our hypothesis that NlUGT12 is a positive modulator of BPH reproductive biology. JGM treatment led to significant increases in accumulations of mRNA encoding Nl UGT12, numbers of eggs laid, oviposition period, juvenile hormone III titers, and fat body, and ovarian protein contents. dsUGT12 treatment suppressed NlUGT12 expression and reversed JGM-enhanced effects, resulting in under-developed ovaries and reduced expression of juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase and the JH receptor, methoprene tolerant. Application of the JH analog, methoprene, on dsUGT12 treated-females partially reversed the dsUTG12 influence on vitellogenin synthesis and on NlUGT12 expression. These results represent an important support for our hypothesis.

Triazophos‐induced vertical transmission of rice stripe virus is associated with host vitellogenin in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus

“…RNA purity and concentrations were determined with a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher, USA). The methods for protein extraction and determinations from ovaries and fat bodies were as previously decribed …”

“…The methods for protein extraction and determinations from ovaries and fat bodies were as previously decribed. [43][44][45] 2.4 Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) For qRT-PCR analysis, total RNA (1 μg) was reversely transcribed into cDNA using PrimeScript™ RT Master Mix (Takara, Japan). Specific primers for qRT-PCR were designed with Primer 3 (http:// bioinfo.ut.ee/primer3-0.4.0/) ( Table S1).…”

UGT440A1 Is Associated With Motility, Reproduction, and Pathogenicity of the Plant-Parasitic Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

“…Knockdown of three UGT genes, namely UGT352A1 , UGT352B1 and UGT354A1 , was shown to reduce the fecundity of female Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) ( Guo et al, 2020 ). Moreover, a recent study reported that UGT12 is a positive modulator of reproduction in brown planthopper because UGT12 knockdown resulted in a decrease in vitellogenin synthesis and hormone acid methyltransferase expression ( Ge et al, 2019 ). Consequently, we speculate that UGT440A1 influences reproduction in B. xylophilus by altering the levels of steroid hormones and other biomolecules.…”

Long-Term Effect of Elevated CO2 on the Development and Nutrition Contents of the Pea Aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum)

“…Triacylglycerols is a major lipid in aphid fat body as energy reserves (Ward et al, 1981) and accumulated in aphid fat body under stress (Bergman et al, 1991;Chen et al, 2005). Vitellogenin is a major yolk protein (Arrese and Soulages, 2010) and directly regulates egg maturation and affect ovary development and decrease ovulation (Ge et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2019).…”