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Smirnova, E. G.; Lyubimov, Yu I; Malinina, T G; Lyubimova, E Yu; Alexandrushkina, N. I.; Vanyushin, B. F.; Kolesova, G M; Yaguzhinsky, L. S.

doi:10.1023/a:1021357506703

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In our case, BHT acting as prooxidant interacts with molecular oxygen rather than with O 2 •− radical. This reaction yields phenoxyl radical and superoxide anion [6]. Deeper oxidation of BHT may result in formation of BHT quinone methide and other products of BHT oxidation which can also generate superoxide anion [6].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…•− ) can be formed due to direct interaction of BHT with molecular oxygen [6]; as a consequence, a high oxidative stress was caused as indicated by the decrease in the activities of SOD and CAT (Figs. 3 and 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Butylated hydroxytoluene (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, BHT) is a phenolic antioxidant. Smirnova et al [6] and Faine et al [7] reported that under certain conditions, BHT induced oxidative stress in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rats, respectively. Very little published information is available on the oxidative stress in filamentous fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Stress Response and Morphological Changes of Blakeslea trispora Induced by Butylated Hydroxytoluene During Carotene Production

Nanou

Roukas

2009

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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The adaptive response of the fungus Blakeslea trispora to the oxidative stress induced by butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) during carotene production in shake flask culture was investigated. The culture response to oxidative stress was studied by measuring the specific activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the micromorphology of the fungus using a computerized image analysis system. The addition of exogenous BHT to the medium caused changes of the morphology of microorganism from aggregates with large projected area to aggregates with small projected area. This morphological differentiation of the fungus was associated with high oxidative stress as evidenced by remarkable increase of the specific activities of CAT and SOD. The oxidative stress in B. trispora resulted in a fivefold increase of carotene production. The highest concentration of carotenes (125.0 mg/g dry biomass) was obtained in culture grown in medium supplemented with 20 mM of BHT.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Stress Response and Morphological Changes of Blakeslea trispora Induced by Butylated Hydroxytoluene During Carotene Production

Nanou

Roukas

2009

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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“…Although the above-mentioned studies suggest a prooxidant activity, there is limited information available concerning the conditions and the mechanisms under which BHT exerts a prooxidant behavior. Some authors have reported that at high aeration rate, BHT can react with molecular oxygen rather than with the reactive oxygen species present, yielding BHT-phenoxyl radical and superoxide anion (Smirnova andothers 2002, Nanou andothers 2010). The reaction pathways proposed for BHT prooxidant activity are summarized in Figure 1.…”

Section: Bht and Its Metabolites As Antioxidants Or Prooxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2,6‐Di‐Tert‐Butyl‐Hydroxytoluene and Its Metabolites in Foods

Nieva‐Echevarría

Manzanos

Goicoechea

et al. 2014

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

143

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2,6-Di-tert-butyl-hydroxytoluene (BHT, E-321) is a synthetic phenolic antioxidant which has been widely used as an additive in the food, cosmetic, and plastic industries for the last 70 y. Although it is considered safe for human health at authorized levels, its ubiquitous presence and the controversial toxicological data reported are of great concern for consumers. In recent years, special attention has been paid to these 14 metabolites or degradation products: BHT-CH 2 OH, BHT-CHO, BHT-COOH, BHT-Q, BHT-QM, DBP, BHT-OH, BHT-OOH, TBP, BHQ, BHT-OH(t), BHT-OH(t)QM, 2-BHT, and 2-BHT-QM. These derived compounds could pose a human health risk from a food safety point of view, but they have been little studied. In this context, this review deals with the occurrence, origin, and fate of BHT in foodstuffs, its biotransformation into metabolites, their toxicological implications, their antioxidant and prooxidant properties, the analytical determination of metabolites in foods, and human dietary exposure. Moreover, noncontrolled additional sources of exposure to BHT and its metabolites are highlighted. These include their carryover from feed to fish, poultry and eggs, their presence in smoke flavorings, their migration from plastic pipelines and packaging to water and food, and their presence in natural environments, from which they can reach the food chain.

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“…These two variants of the plant immersion into the incubation medium gave qualitatively similar results. According to [7], superox ide dismutase fully converted the generated О 2 into hydrogen peroxide. Incubation was performed in the dark at 26°C for 1 h. Then the seedlings were taken out from the incubation medium, and the quantity of formazan was determined in it (superoxide anion released by the seedling in the aqueous medium reduced NBT to for mazan) at the wavelength of 530 nm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of “External” Superoxide Anion on Apoptosis in Coleoptiles of Wheat Seedlings

Vorobjev

Smirnova

Bakeeva

et al. 2005

Biochemistry (Moscow)

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A derivative of phthalic acid, dibutylphthalate (DBP), which has gametocidal effect at the concentration of approximately 10(-4) M, increased apoptosis in coleoptiles of wheat seedlings. This was associated with activation of chromatin margination and generation of mitochondria-containing vesicles. At the same concentration, DBP activated the release by the coleoptiles of superoxide anion into the environment. Lower (10(-5) M) and higher (10(-3) M) concentrations of DBP virtually had no effect on either process. A probable mechanism of effect of the "external" superoxide anion on apoptosis within the plant cell is discussed.

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Untitled

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Oxidative Stress Response and Morphological Changes of Blakeslea trispora Induced by Butylated Hydroxytoluene During Carotene Production

Oxidative Stress Response and Morphological Changes of Blakeslea trispora Induced by Butylated Hydroxytoluene During Carotene Production

2,6‐Di‐Tert‐Butyl‐Hydroxytoluene and Its Metabolites in Foods

Effect of “External” Superoxide Anion on Apoptosis in Coleoptiles of Wheat Seedlings

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