Based on the survey data of teachers in Shanghai, China in TALIS 2018, this study used the hierarchical linear regression method to explore the relationship between the three characteristics of teacher professional development activities, namely, form, theme, and participation support, and teacher satisfaction. The results showed that among the forms of professional development activities, observation visits to corporate sites, public institutions, or nongovernmental organizations had a significant positive impact on teacher job satisfaction; among the themes of professional development activities, professional development activities with themes such as student assessment practice, school management and administration, and interdisciplinary skills significantly affected teacher job satisfaction; among the professional development support, non-material professional support significantly affected teacher job satisfaction.