Job Stress and Burnout Among Employees Working in Terrorist-Ridden Areas

Abstract

This article examines the relationship of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) on employee stress by considering job burnout (BO), organizational (in)justice (OJ), and sensitivity to terrorism (STT). This study uses the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) framework as a job stress model. After describing terrorism and a brief discussion on organizational justice and some of its challenges, we introduced “sensitivity to terrorism” as a moderator in the ERI framework. Using a 432 sample size of questionnaire data collected from two big cities where terrorist attacks are rampant and received during a period when terrorist attacks were at a peak. After analyzing data in EFA, results from the hierarchical regression analysis provided support for our developed model. Overall, the statistical model is significant (p < 0.05). We found significant relationships between ERI and facets of BO. Organizational (in)justice mediated the influence of ERI on facets of BO. We also found that STT significantly moderated ERI and facets of burnout. The article concludes with some implications and guidelines for future research.

Investigating the impact of sensitivity to terrorism on employee psychological well-being: the mediating role of psychological resilience

“…adverse effects of STT on EPW) may make resource depletion worse in another domain. Studies reveal that when an individual experiences gradual resource depletion, this will result in lower organizational commitment, increased job burnout, diminished job satisfaction and cognitive weariness (Manke and Bader, 2018; Reade and Lee, 2012; Soomro and Ali, 2021). Until now, COR theory has been applied to understand various work outcomes, including burnout, positive psychology and different work situations (Chen et al , 2015; Hobfoll and Freedy, 2017; Gorgievski and Hobfoll, 2008; Halbesleben et al , 2014).…”

“…Research suggests that terrorism impacts on employee health (Manke and Bader, 2018; Fischer et al , 2006; Helsloot and Ruitenberg, 2004); however, this relationship has received little attention in the research (Bader and Berg, 2013; Reade and Lee, 2012). There is limited research conducted in terrorist-ridden areas (Soomro et al , 2018; Soomro and Ali, 2021) concerning if and how STT impacts EPW and whether there are gender matters (Bader et al , 2015).…”

Burnout among Employees: A Narrative Review

“…For instance, Cordes and Doughert (1993) reveal that married people experience less burnout than their single counterparts. Soomro et al (2021) disclose that substantial disparities in burnout levels rely on demographics such as gender, age, and marital status. Other studies, however, conclude that demographics have little bearing on burnout (Zhang et al, 2014).…”

Terrorism as Socio-Economic and Cultural Barriers to Indonesian Firms’ Financial Performance

“…They reported a reduced growth rate of the firms regardless of age. Researchers also reported the negative impacts of terrorism on employee growth at organizational levels (Soomro et al, 2021). Terrorism has also been reported negatively influence an organization's accumulation, capital mobility, productivity, and labor growth rate (Okafor & Calderon, 2022), depicting the poor performances of such organizations (Mazhar & Rehman, 2021).…”