Jockey injuries during the Siena “Palio”. A 72-year analysis of the oldest horse race in Italy

Fortina, Mattia; Maniscalco, Pietro; Carulli, Christian; Meccariello, Luigi; Colasanti, Giovanni Battista; Carta, Serafino

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2019.03.015

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The proportion of injuries resulting in concussion (4%) is comparable to a previous study from Press et al (8%). 13 In a 10-year study published by McCrory et al comparing injuries in France, Ireland and Great Britain, 5 concussions were 2.8% of total falls in Great Britain, 5.6% in France and 7.1% in Ireland. Concussion reporting and rates can vary significantly based on diagnostic standards and concussion protocols at each racetrack.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Injuries among Maryland jockeys during thoroughbred racing: 2015–2019

Ryan

Garruppo

Alexander

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesOur goal was to characterise jockey injuries at Maryland racetracks during thoroughbred racing activities over 4 years using medical records maintained by the sports medicine team.MethodsInjury data were prospectively gathered by sports medicine physicians who were onsite for all thoroughbred racing activities in Maryland from 12 September 2015 to 5 May 2019 to evaluate and treat any injury to the jockeys. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, rates with corresponding 95% CIs and proportions) of injury types, body parts, mechanisms, severity and location on track were calculated.ResultsOver nearly 4 years of racing and 45 000 mounts, there were 204 injuries involving 184 incidents and 131 falls during those races. The vast majority of injuries (80%) was related to soft tissue, while 4% were concussions. Most injuries involved the lower extremity (31%) or upper extremity (26%) and typically resulted from a fall from the horse. Among all incidents, 79.3% (n=146) resulted in an injury, while 76.3% (n=100) of falls resulted in an injury. We identified a significant proportion of injuries (41%) in and around the starting gate. Over a quarter of incidents resulting in injury required further medical care in hospital or other medical facility, while surgery was required in 2.5% of injuries.ConclusionAccess to a consistent group of sports medicine providers facilitated jockey injury reporting and tracking. The majority of jockey injuries is related to soft tissue and results from falls, while the starting gate area is associated with the greatest proportion of injuries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“… 9 Additionally, some studies relied on jockey reporting of injuries, which can be affected by recall bias, wherein they are less likely to recall more minor injuries. 13 Reporting bias may also contribute to under-reporting, since jockeys may be reluctant to miss any races, which can have a significant financial impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries among Maryland jockeys during thoroughbred racing: 2015–2019

Ryan

Garruppo

Alexander

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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“…Circular hexapod external fixation has great stability as external fixation around the knee joint [30]. The Ilizarov technique is an effective treatment method for complex limb injuries such as road traffic accidents, sports injuries, war trauma, and severe burns around the knee [5][6][7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional studies with a larger number of patients with severe injuries such as road traffic accidents, sports injuries, and war trauma around the knee, are needed to confirm the use of circular external fixation as a feasible and effective treatment option [5][6][7][8]. The use of circular hexapod external fixation to treat severe knee dislocation due to burn scarring has not been reported previously in the English literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of circular hexapod external fixation with soft tissue reconstruction in treating severe knee dislocation due to burn scarring: a case report

Nozaka

Miyakoshi

Saito

et al. 2020

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Severe varus deformity and soft tissue injury caused by a burn around a complex knee dislocation is a rare injury. Soft tissue reconstruction and deformity correction with circular hexapod external fixation of the knee and hinged total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are challenging and can lead to major complications if not performed appropriately. We present a case in which a combination of soft tissue reconstruction, circular hexapod external fixation, and TKA was used treat severe knee dislocation due to burn scarring. Case presentation We report the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented for knee surgery with soft tissue reconstruction, deformity correction with circular hexapod external fixation, and hinged TKA for a severe complex deformity and soft tissue injury caused by a burn injury at 6 months of age. The left leg was shorter by 35 mm in terms of functional leg length discrepancy. She walked with a limp, with a marked varus deformity of the left knee during the stance phase of walking. After a 3-stage repair, the patient was able to walk without assistance, confirming improvement of mobility. Conclusion The treatment method was an effective use of a combination of soft tissue reconstruction, circular hexapod external fixation, and rehearsal surgery using a 3D printed bone model of the modular rotating hinge component of TKA, which was successfully used to treat a severe knee dislocation due to burn scarring. This staged surgery maintained the leg length and ultimately achieved a satisfactory alignment.

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“…oating knee injuries or most commonly in compound fractures in diaphyseal area [11][12][13]. Besides they are also commonly used always in limited economic reality [14].…”

Section: External Fixators Always Is Indicated In Open Fractures Thementioning

confidence: 99%

External fixator combined with three different fixation methods of fibula for treatment of extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula: a retrospective study

Sun

Zhou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background To compare the efficacy of three different fixation methods of fibula combined with external fixation of tibia for the treatment of extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula. Methods From January 2017 to July 2019, 91 cases of open fractures of distal tibia and fibula were treated with external fixator, and the fibula was fixed with non-fixation (group A, n=35), plate-screw (group B, n=30) and Kirschner wire(group C, n=26).The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical and implants costs, fracture healing time, postoperative complications, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle surgery (AOFAS) scores were compared among the groups. Results Four patients were lost to follow-up, and 87 patients were followed up for 5-35 months (average, 14.2 months). The operation time of group C(114.92±36.09min) was shorter than that of group A (142.27±47.05min) and group B(184.00±48.56min) (P<0.05). There was no difference in intraoperative blood loss among the three groups (P>0.05). The surgical and implants costs in group C (5.24±1.21, thousand dollars) is lower than that in group A (6.48±1.11, thousand dollars) and group B (9.37±2.16, thousand dollars) (P < 0.05).The fracture healing time of group C(5.67±1.42months) was significantly less than that of group A (6.90±1.33months) and group B(6.70±1.12months) (P<0.05). The postoperative complications such as fractures delayed union and nonunion in group C (2 cases, 8.00%) is less than that in group A (13 cases, 39.39%) and group B (11cases, 37.93%) (P<0.05). The wound infection and needle-tract infection did not differ among the three groups (P>0.05). The excellent or good rate of ankle function was 69.70% in group A, 72.41% in group B and 84.00% in group C, with no statistical difference among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with simple external fixator fixation and external fixator combined with plate-screw osteosynthesis, external fixator combined with K-wire intramedullary fixation shortens the operative time and fracture healing time, reduced costs and complications of fracture healing, while the blood loss, infection complications and ankle function recovery showed no difference with the other two groups. External fixator combined with plate-screw osteosynthesis had no advantage in treating extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula when compared with simple external fixation.Fund program: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11572222)

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Jockey injuries during the Siena “Palio”. A 72-year analysis of the oldest horse race in Italy

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Injuries among Maryland jockeys during thoroughbred racing: 2015–2019

Injuries among Maryland jockeys during thoroughbred racing: 2015–2019

Effectiveness of circular hexapod external fixation with soft tissue reconstruction in treating severe knee dislocation due to burn scarring: a case report

External fixator combined with three different fixation methods of fibula for treatment of extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula: a retrospective study

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