Johnsongrass Control with DPX-V9360 and CGA-136872 in Corn (<i>Zea mays</i>) in Virginia

Foy, Chester L.; Witt, Harold

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00026087

Cited by 49 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…Many pre‐emergence herbicides are able to control S. halepense seedlings, while they are less effective against ramets (McWhorter, 1989; Millhollon, 1993; Richard & Griffin, 1993). In contrast, post‐emergence sulfonylurea herbicides have been reported as an effective control measure for both S. halepense seedlings and ramets for different crops and environmental conditions (Foy & Witt, 1990; Camacho et al. , 1991; Eleftherohorinos & Kotoula‐Syka, 1995; Singh & Singh, 2004; Dalley & Richard, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This aspect has to be taken into close consideration according to the recently published European Union Directive 2009/128/EC, regarding the sustainable use of pesticides, which identifies as a priority the objective of reducing the risks and impacts of pesticide use on human health and the environment (European Parliament, 2009). Sulfonylurea herbicide efficacy on S. halepense ramets is strongly dependant on a correct timing of application (Foy & Witt, 1990; Singh & Singh, 2004). For this reason, predictive models for seedling and ramet emergence (RE) could be important tools for improving S. halepense control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of base temperature for Sorghum halepense rhizome sprouting

et al. 2011

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Sorghum halepense is a rhizomatous perennial summer weed. It spreads by seeds and rhizomes that form ramets. The development of predictive models for ramet emergence (RE) from rhizomes may provide important information about their seasonal dynamics and consequently for the timing of control operations. The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of temperature on S. halepense rhizome sprouting (RS) and to estimate its base temperature, which is the first step for creating mathematical models to predict RE. Rhizomes collected from two North Italian populations were incubated at several constant temperatures. The total number of ramets, sprouted rhizomes and their ratio (ramet/sprouted rhizome) were calculated. The influence of temperature on sprouting performances was analysed. Base temperature was calculated using two methods: the reciprocal time of 50% RS (method) and RE (method). Confidence limits (at 0.95 level) were defined for each estimated base temperature using a bootstrap method. Base temperatures were compared to verify whether there were differences between populations and methods. Results indicated a significant stimulating effect of temperature on S. halepense rhizome performances. Estimated base temperatures did not differ between populations, nor between methods within a population (Padova RS 9.7 ± 1.25°C (confidence limits), RE 10.0 ± 1.28°C, Mantova RS 8.0 ± 1.89°C and RE 9.7 ± 1.23°C). The same thresholds may consequently be adopted for thermal time models for the two populations. These results also suggest that both methods (RE and RS) can be used without distinction to estimate the rhizome base temperature

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of base temperature for Sorghum halepense rhizome sprouting

et al. 2011

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“…Na primeira avaliação, efetuada aos 14 dias após a pr im ei ra ap li ca çã o do s he rb ic id as (D AP A) , observa-se que os tratamentos com nicosulfuron atingiram altos níveis de controle (acima de 90%) em re la çã o ao s tr at am en to s co m at ra zi ne + simazine, adicionados ou não de óleo mineral (55 a 72% de controle). Nesta avaliação, as plantas do capim-massambará, tratadas com nicosulfuron, apresentavam sintomas de fitotoxicidade, c a r a c t e r i za d a p o r c o l o r a ç ã o a r r o x e a d a , semelh ante a observada por Foy & Witt (1990). O nicosulfuron foi eficiente no controle do ca pi mma ss am ba rá me sm o na s do se s ma is baixas, não havendo diferença significativa entre as várias concentrações utilizadas e épocas de aplicação.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Foy & Witt (1990) também verificaram que a apl ica ção de nic osulfu ron não pro vocou injúrias às plantas de milho. Tal fato mostra a seletividade do nicosulfuron que provavelmente é obt id a pe la rá pi da in at iv aç ão me ta bó li ca do her bic ida em esp éci es tol era nte s (Fo y & Witt, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Foy & Witt (1990) verificaram em cultura de milho no estado de Virginia-EUA, que a aplicação de nicosulfuron em pós-emergência apresentou alto nível de controle do capim-massambará (83 a 97 %), resultando em expresivos aumentos na produção. Entretanto, não há relatos de estudos sobre a infestação e controle de capim-massambará na cultura do milho em condições brasileiras.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Eficiência do nicosulfuron no controle de capim-massambara na cultura do milho

Fahl

Carelli

1997

Planta daninha

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RESUMOUm experimento de campo foi conduzido em Rio Claro, SP, em 1991/92 para estudar a eficiência do nicosulfuron no controle do capimma ss a mb ar á (S or gh u m ha lep en se ), co mo infestante da cultura do milho. O nicosulfuron foi aplicado em pós-emergência inicial, quando o capim-massambará estava com 3 a 5 folhas, nas dos e s de 40, 50 , 60, e 80g/ ha , e e m pós -emergência tardia (capim-massambará com 4 a 6 folhas), nas doses de 50, 60 e 80g/ha. Foram ac re sc en ta do s tr at am en to s co m at ra zi ne + simazine (1500 + 1500g/ha), com e sem a adição de óleo mineral, nas mesmas épocas de aplicação do nicosulfuron. Verificou-se que o nicosulfuron a pr es e nt ou e xc el e nt e c ontr ole do ca pi mmassambará, atingindo 100% de controle aos 50 dias após a aplicação, independente das doses e épocas de aplicação. As aplicações de atrazine + simazine não mostraram controle satisfatório do c a pi m ma s s a mb a r á em p ó s -e me r gê n c i a , principalmente quando efetuadas tardias e com adição de óleo mineral. O controle do capimmassambará com nicosulfuron em pós-emergência inicial e tardia aumentou a produção de milho, re sp ec ti va me nt e em 44 e 34 %, em re la çã o à te stemu nha nã o ca pinad a. Não fo i obse rvad o qual quer sinal de fit otoxicidade nas plantas de milho, em todos os tratamentos efetuados Palavras chave: Sorghum halepense, sulfoniluréia, controle pós-emergência, época de aplicação, triazinas. ABSTRACT Nicosulfuron efficacy on johnsongrass control in field cornA field experiment was conducted at Rio Claro, SP, Brazil, during 1991/92 to evaluate the ef fi ca cy of ni co su lf ur on fo r po st em er ge nc e control of johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in field com grown under conventional conditions. Nicosulfuron was applied on early postemergence, on johnsongrass with 2 to 5 leaves, at rates of 40, 50, 60 e 80g/ha, and late postemergence (4 to 6 le av es ) at ra te s of 50 , 60 an d 80 g/ ha . Tw o additional treatments of atrazine + simazine (1500 + 1500g/ha), with and without mineral oil, were ap pl ie d at th e sa me ti me of ni co su lf ur on . Treatments of nicosulfuron showed an exellent control of johnsongrass, irrespectively of rate and timing appli cation, reaching 100% control at 50 da ys af te r ap pl ic at io n. At ra zi ne + si ma zi ne tre atmen ts wer e no effec tive on johns on gra ss control mainly at late postemergence application with addition of mineral oil. Corn yield increased 44 and 34%, respectively, on early and late postemergence applications of nicosulfuron. No co m in ju ry wa s ob se rv ed fo r an y he rb ic id e treatments. K e y w o r d s : S o r g h u m h a l e p e n s e ,

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Atrazine Reduces Primisulfuron Transport to Meristems of Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Hart

Penner

1993

Weed sci.

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Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of atrazine on efficacy, absorption, translocation, and metabolism of primisulfuron applied to velvetleaf and giant foxtail. Efficacy of primisulfuron was reduced by 18 and 22% when applied at 20 and 40 g ai ha−1, respectively, in combination with 1.7 kg ai ha−1atrazine to velvetleaf. Efficacy of primisulfuron was reduced by 15 and 16% when applied at 30 or 60 g ai ha−1, respectively, in combination with 1.7 kg ai ha−1atrazine to giant foxtail. Foliar absorption of14C-primisulfuron by either weed species was not affected by addition of atrazine to the treatment solution. Atrazine had no effect on metabolism of14C-primisulfuron by either weed species. In the absence of atrazine, translocation of absorbed14C from primisulfuron out of treated leaves of velvetleaf and giant foxtail averaged 19 and 29%, respectively, across sampling times. These values were reduced to an average of 9 and 16% in velvetleaf and giant foxtail, respectively, when14C-primisulfuron was applied in combination with atrazine. The majority of translocated14C from primisulfuron was transported acropetally in velvetleaf and basipetally in giant foxtail. Atrazine significantly reduced14C translocation from primisulfuron to these meristematic sinks in both weed species. Reduced translocation was positively correlated with reduced control of these weeds when primisulfuron was tank mixed with atrazine.

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Johnsongrass Control with DPX-V9360 and CGA-136872 in Corn (Zea mays) in Virginia

Cited by 49 publications

References 1 publication

Estimation of base temperature for Sorghum halepense rhizome sprouting

Estimation of base temperature for Sorghum halepense rhizome sprouting

Eficiência do nicosulfuron no controle de capim-massambara na cultura do milho

Atrazine Reduces Primisulfuron Transport to Meristems of Giant Foxtail (Setaria faberi) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

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