Joining phenomena and joint strength of friction welded joint between aluminium–magnesium alloy (AA5052) and low carbon steel

Kimura, Masao; Ishii, Hitoshi; Kusaka, Masahiro; Kaizu, Koichi; Fuji, Akiyoshi

doi:10.1179/136217109x12464549883411

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…3) can be attributed to lower thermal conductivity and higher hardness of low alloy steel at elevated temperatures compared to aluminium alloys. The same phenomenon has been reported during friction welding of dissimilar welds namely Al to Cu [20], Al to stainless steel [21] and titanium to steel [22]. From the metallographic study it is observed that direct welding of AISI 4340 to AA6061 is not feasible due to the presence of continuous intermetallic layer across the weld width (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Friction welding of AA6061 to AISI 4340 using silver interlayer

Reddy

2015

Defence Technology

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The present work pertains to the study on joining of AA6061 and AISI 4340 through continuous drive friction welding. The welds were evaluated by metallographic examination, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, tensile test and microhardness. The study reveals that the presence of an intermetallic compound layer at the bonded interface exhibits poor tensile strength and elongation. Mg in AA6061 near to the interface is found to be favourable for the formation and growth of Fe 2 Al 5 intermetallics. Introduction of silver as an interlayer through electroplating on AISI 4340 resulted in accumulation of Si at weld interface, replacing Mg at AA6061 side, thereby reducing the width of intermetallic compound layer and correspondingly increasing the tensile strength. Presence of silver at the interface results in partial replacement of FeeAl based intermetallic compounds with AgeAl based compounds. The presence of these intermetallics was confirmed by X-ray diffraction technique. Since AgeAl phases are ductile in nature, tensile strength is not deteriorated and the silicon segregation at weld interface on AA6061 in the joints with silver interlayer acts as diffusion barrier for Fe and further avoids formation of FeeAl based intermetallics. A maximum tensile strength of 240 MPa along with 4.9% elongation was obtained for the silver interlayer dissimilar metal welds. The observed trends in tensile properties and hardness were explained in relation to the microstructure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Friction welding of AA6061 to AISI 4340 using silver interlayer

Reddy

2015

Defence Technology

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“…In particular, the experimental methods of (2) and (3) were used to obtain the joint without braking deformation. The details of these methods have been described in previous reports (Kimura, et al, 2002a(Kimura, et al, , 2002b(Kimura, et al, , 2002c(Kimura, et al, , 2003a(Kimura, et al, , 2003b2005a;2005b, 2009a, 2009b, 2009c, 2009d, 2011a, 2011b, 2013, 2014.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the authors also clarified the joining mechanism and the joint mechanical properties of friction welded joint for some dissimilar material joints as following combinations: Al-system materials and low carbon steel (LCS) (Kimura, et al, 2009a(Kimura, et al, , 2009b(Kimura, et al, , 2013, Cu-system materials and LCS (Kimura, et al, 2009c(Kimura, et al, , 2009d, pure Ti and LCS (Kimura, et al, 2014), and pure Cu and pure Ti (Kimura, et al, 2011a(Kimura, et al, , 2011b. If combinations of dissimilar materials such as Al-system materials and Cu-system materials can be joined using the same welding method as that shown in previous reports (Kimura, et al, 2002a(Kimura, et al, , 2002b(Kimura, et al, , 2002c(Kimura, et al, , 2003a(Kimura, et al, , 2003b2005a;2005b, 2009a, 2009b, 2009c, 2009d, 2011a, 2011b, 2013, 2014, the joining mechanism will be clarified. In particular, to clarify the relationship between joining phenomena and tensile strength of that combination joint is strongly important, because that will be estimated for expansion in the use of the electricity industry field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joining phenomena and tensile strength of friction welded joint between pure aluminum and pure copper

Kimura

Inui

Kusaka

et al. 2015

Mechanical Engineering Journal

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This paper describes the joining phenomena and the tensile strength of friction welded joint between type 1070 pure aluminum (CP-Al) and oxygen free copper (OFC). When the joint was made at a friction pressure of 30 MPa with a friction speed of 27.5 s −1 , the upsetting (deformation) occurred at the CP-Al side. When the joint was made at a friction time of 2.0 s, the whole weld interface on the OFC side had the transferred CP-Al, and it was obtained approximately 30% joint efficiency. Then, the joint efficiency increased with increasing friction time, and it was obtained approximately 63% joint efficiency at a friction time of 12.0 s. The joint fractured at the weld interface, which had a CP-Al adhering to the weld interface on the OFC side. When the joint was made with friction times of 2.0 s and 6.0 s, the joint efficiency increased with increasing forge pressure and then the joint was obtained the CPAl side fracture at a forge pressure of 135 MPa or higher. However, the joint did not achieve 100% joint efficiency because the adjacent region of the weld interface at the CP-Al side was softened. In addition, the joint at a friction time of 2.0 s had no intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the weld interface although the not-joined region was slightly observed. On the other hand, the joint at a friction time of 6.0 s did not have the not-joined region at the weld interface although the IMC layer was slightly observed. In conclusion, to obtain higher joint efficiency with fracture on the CP-Al side, the joint should be made with higher forge pressure, and with the suitable friction time at which the entire weld interface of the OFC side had the transferred CP-Al. IntroductionBecause an expansion in the use of dissimilar metal joints (referred to as dissimilar joints) is expected and widely used in various component parts, easily welding method for dissimilar metal joints is required. On the other hand, dissimilar welding operations have several severe problems in industrial usage. One problem will occur when the dissimilar joints are welded by using fusion welding processes which conventionally produce intermediate layer (interlayer) consisting of brittle intermetallic compound (IMC) at the joint interface of both base metals to be joined. The interlayers usually give detrimental damages on mechanical and metallurgical properties of dissimilar joints (For example, American Welding Society, 1982). In particular, fusion welded joints between aluminum or its alloys (referred to as the Al-system material) and copper or its alloys (referred to as the Cu-system material) have also some problems, e.g. the generation of blowholes and cracks at the joint interface (For example, Mizuno et al., 1999). Therefore, a welding process is urgently required, which will reduce the degradation of the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the joints between Al-system material and Cu-system material. 1

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“…Otherwise, the joint tensile strength and energy absorption increased slightly with increasing loading rate depending on the welding parameters. 19 Variation of tensile strength with friction time for steel-Al joints 70 20 Configuration of tensile specimen with threaded ends from friction welded butt joint 72…”

Section: Friction Welding Of Aluminium Alloys With Other Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in friction welding process: A review

Uday

Fauzi

Hussain

et al. 2010

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

237

123

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Friction welding is now well established as one of the most economical and highly productive methods in joining similar and dissimilar metals. It is widely used in automotive and aerospace industrial applications. Friction welding is often the only viable alternative in this field to overcome the difficulties encountered in joining the materials with widely varying physical characteristics. This process employs a machine that is designed to convert mechanical energy into heat at the joint to weld using relative movement between workpieces, without the use of electrical energy or heat from other sources. This review deals with the fundamental understanding of the process. The focus is on the mechanism of friction welding, types of relative motions of the process, influence of parameters, heat generation in the process, understanding the deformation, microstructure and the properties of similar and dissimilar welded materials.

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Joining phenomena and joint strength of friction welded joint between aluminium–magnesium alloy (AA5052) and low carbon steel

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Friction welding of AA6061 to AISI 4340 using silver interlayer

Friction welding of AA6061 to AISI 4340 using silver interlayer

Joining phenomena and tensile strength of friction welded joint between pure aluminum and pure copper

Advances in friction welding process: A review

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