Joint action of an entomopathogenic fungus (Metarhizium anisopliae) with synthetic insecticides against the scarab beetle, Anomala cuprea (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) Iarvae

Hatsukade

2006

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A strain of Beauveria brongniartii PBbr-1 was isolated from infected larvae of Heptophylla picea. This isolated strain attained 100% mortality of H. picea adults at a concentration of 1.0ϫ10 7 conidia/ml, with a short median lethal time of 8.4 d for females and 7.0 d for males. The number of eggs laid by adults and percent of eggs hatching for females inoculated with PBbr-1 were lower than those by healthy females. However, when PBbr-1 was inoculated directly to the eggs, hatchability was almost the same as that in non-inoculated eggs. Since infected females appeared to lay eggs just before death, the eggs from females infected with PBbr-1 were thought to be unfertilized. Furthermore, PBbr-1 showed a high virulence to the first-stage larvae. PBbr-1 not only had a high virulence to the adults, but also suppressed subsequent generations. PBbr-1 is thus thought to be a very effective control agent for H. picea in combination with Beauveria amorpha HpBa-1.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria brongniartii to several life stages of the yellowish elongate chafer Heptophylla picea Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Hatsukade

2006

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“…In particular, many studies on the virulence of these fungi have been carried out in the past as control agents of scarab grubs (Hasegawa and Koyama, 1941;Poprawski and Yule, 1991;Villani et al, 1994;Hiromori et al, 2004). Scarab grubs are major pests of agricultural land, forests and turf grasses (Shimazu et al, 1993;Hiromori and Nishigaki, 1998). These larvae are soil-inhabiting insects and are difficult to control with chemical insecticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beauveria brongniartii and Metarhizium anisopliae play important roles in suppressing scarab grubs (Glare, 1992;Zimmerman, 1992;Kessler et al, 2003). However, the controlling effects are often not stable because the pathogenicity of fungi may be influenced by many environmental factors (Hiromori and Nishigaki, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction-associated conidial detachment of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria amorpha from the cuticle of a scarab grub, Anomala cuprea, in the soil

Hatsukade

2006

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Entomopathogenic fungal conidia are detached from the host cuticle by several environmental factors. Larvae of the scarab grub, Anomala cuprea, inhabit the soil, and are constantly in contact with the soil. The larvae were treated with imidacloprid to suppress the mobility, and then treated with fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled conidia of the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria amorpha. In the case of non-paralyzed larvae without imidacloprid treatment, conidia on the vertex, dorsum and abdomen became detached by 12 h after application. In contrast, the number of conidia on paralyzed larvae with imidacloprid treatment remained stable throughout the test period. In parallel with conidial detachment from non-paralyzed larvae, the number of conidia detected in the rearing soil increased. These results indicated that the fungal conidia adhering to the surface of scarab grubs are detached by friction with soil in association with the larval movement, suggesting that insect movement may be an important factor that affects the infection with pathogens.

“…The insecticidal activity to scarab grubs and conidial persistence in the soil of entomopathogenic fungi, Isaria kogane (B. brongniartii) (Hasegawa and Koyama, 1941) and M. anisopliae (Shimazu et al, 1993;Hiromori and Nishigaki, 1998;Yokoyama et al, 1998) have been studied in Japan. However, there have been few reports on effective control agents to control of H. picea by entomopathogenic fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of temperature on the insecticidal activity of Beauveria amorpha to Heptophylla picea

Kajino

et al. 2004

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The insecticidal activity of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria amorpha (strain HpBa-1) to larvae of the yellowish elongate chafer, Heptophylla picea was estimated under various temperature conditions. High mortalities were obtained and the mortalities of H. picea rose rapidly at 25°C and 20°C. Insecticidal activity of HpBa-1 was observed at 15°C and 10°C and infection of the fungus resulted under these temperatures. HpBa-1 showed little infectivity at low temperatures under the field conditions. Hence, HpBa-1 recovered infectivity when the temperature increased. These results suggest HpBa-1 is useful as a microbial control agent against larvae of H. picea.