Joint Cruise 2-2 2021

Fransson, Agneta; Bluhm, Bodil A.; Arumi, Marti; Assmann, Karen M.; Gravelle, Amalie Marie Bårnås; Bratrein, Marius; Buvik, Kenneth; Chierici, Melissa; Ciesielski, Tomaz; Cristea, Anca; Eikrem, Wenche; Espinel, Nadjejda; Gardner, Jessie; Gawinski, Christine; Hellerud, Eirik; Koenig, Zoé; Lennert, Kunuk; Lockwood-Ireland, Christine; Lundesgaard, Øyvind; Marquardt, Miriam; Ntinou, Iliana-Vasiliki; Ortiz, Griselda Anglada; Palmesen, Magne; Raffel, Bonnie; Sánchez, Nicolás; Schuppe, Birte Katarina; Sen, Arunima; Garvang, Even Sletteng; Steer, Adam; Svensen, Camilla; Vader, Anna; Våge, Selina; Dihn, Khuong Van; Wold, Anette; Ziegler, Amanda

doi:10.7557/nlrs.6413

NLRS

2022

DOI: 10.7557/nlrs.6413

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Joint Cruise 2-2 2021

Agneta Fransson

Bodil A. Bluhm

Marti Arumi

et al.

Abstract: The main scientific goal of the Nansen Legacy JC2-2 cruise was to extend the project’s research activities from the northern Barents Sea shelf into the central Arctic Ocean. Specifically, JC2-2 addressed objectives of the research foci RF1, RF2 and RF3 by jointly collecting interdisciplinary samples and data at five process (P) and in-between NLEG stations extending northward from the previously northernmost station P7. We had a special focus on sea ice and the upper ocean as well as connectivity to the mid an… Show more

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Arctic copepod copper sensitivity and comparison with Antarctic and temperate copepods

Heuschele,

Dinh,

Lode

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicology

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The ongoing global climate crisis increases temperatures in polar regions faster and with greater magnitude than elsewhere. The decline of Arctic sea ice opens up new passages, eventually leading to higher anthropogenic activities such as shipping, fishing, and mining. Climate change and anthropogenic activities will increase contaminant transport from temperate to Arctic regions. The shipping industry uses copper as an antifouling coating. Copper is an essential element but becomes toxic at excess concentrations, and its use may inadvertently affect non-target organisms such as copepods. Copper affects copepods by lowering reproductive output, prolonging developmental time, and causing increased mortality. As data on copper sensitivity of polar copepods at low temperatures are rare, we conducted onboard survival experiments with the Arctic region’s most common copepod species (Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, C. hyperboreus). Acute survival tests were done for up to 8 days on individuals in 70 ml bottles at 1 °C with nominal copper concentrations ranging from 3 to 480 μg L−1. We used a reduced General Unified Threshold model for Survival (GUTS) to analyse the data, and placed our results in the context of the few published copper sensitivity data of the Antarctic and temperate copepod species at low temperatures. The sensitivity of Cu exposure was similar between the three Calanus species. However, a model comparison suggests that the tested C. glacialis population is less sensitive than the other two species in our experiments. Compared to published data, the three Arctic species appear slightly less sensitive to copper compared to their Antarctic counterparts but more compared to their temperate ones. Our literature search revealed only a few available studies on the copper sensitivity of polar copepods. In the future, this species group will be exposed to more pollutants, which warrants more studies to predict potential risks, especially given possible interactions with environmental factors.

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Arctic copepod copper sensitivity and comparison with Antarctic and temperate copepods

Heuschele,

Dinh,

Lode

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicology

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Under-ice observations by trawls and multi-frequency acoustics in the Central Arctic Ocean reveals abundance and composition of pelagic fauna

Ingvaldsen

Eriksen

Gjøsæter

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The rapid ongoing changes in the Central Arctic Ocean call for baseline information on the pelagic fauna. However, sampling for motile organisms which easily escape vertically towed nets is challenging. Here, we report the species composition and catch weight of pelagic fishes and larger zooplankton from 12 trawl hauls conducted in ice covered waters in the Central Arctic Ocean beyond the continental slopes in late summer. Combined trawl catches with acoustics data revealed low amounts of fish and zooplankton from the advective influenced slope region in the Nansen Basin in the south to the ice-covered deep Amundsen Basin in the north. Both arctic and subarctic-boreal species, including the ones considered as Atlantic expatriate species were found all the way to 87.5o N. We found three fish species (Boreogadus saida, Benthosema glaciale and Reinhardtius hippoglossoides), but the catch was limited to only seven individuals. Euphausiids, amphipods and gelatinous zooplankton dominated the catch weight in the Nansen Basin in the mesopelagic communities. Euphausiids were almost absent in the Amundsen Basin with copepods, amphipods, chaetognaths and gelatinous zooplankton dominating. We postulate asymmetric conditions in the pelagic ecosystems of the western and eastern Eurasian Basin caused by ice and ocean circulation regimes.

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The emerging picture of a diverse deep Arctic Ocean seafloor: From habitats to ecosystems

Ramirez-Llodra,

Meyer,

Bluhm

et al. 2024

Elem Sci Anth

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Interest in the deep Arctic Ocean is rapidly increasing from governments, policy makers, industry, researchers, and conservation groups, accentuated by the growing accessibility of this remote region by surface vessel traffic. In this review, our goal is to provide an updated taxonomic inventory of benthic taxa known to occur in the deep Arctic Ocean and relate this inventory to habitat diversity. To achieve this goal, we collected data for Arctic metazoan deep-sea taxa from open-access databases, information facilities, and non-digitised scientific literature, limiting the collection to the area north of 66°N and below 500 m depth (excluding all shelf seas). Although notable progress has been made in understanding the deep Arctic using novel technologies and infrastructure, this data gathering shows that knowledge of deep-sea benthic Arctic communities remains very limited. Yet, through our compilation of habitat maps, we show that the Arctic contains a high diversity of geomorphological features, including slopes, deep basins, submarine canyons, ridges, and seamounts, as well as chemosynthesis-based and biogenic (biologically engineered) ecosystems. To analyse taxon richness and density, using both morphological and molecular data, we compiled 75,404 faunal records with 2,637 taxa. Phyla with the most records were the Arthropoda (21,405), Annelida (13,763) and Porifera (12,591); phyla with the most documented taxa were the Arthropoda (956), Annelida (566) and Mollusca (351). An overview of the dominant groups inhabiting the different geomorphological features highlights regions in the deep Arctic where data are particularly scarce and increased research efforts are needed, particularly the deep basins of the central Arctic Ocean. This scarcity of deep benthic Arctic biodiversity data creates a bottleneck for developing robust management and conservation measures in a rapidly changing region, leading to a call for international collaboration and shared data to ensure understanding and preservation of these fragile Arctic ecosystems.

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Joint Cruise 2-2 2021

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Arctic copepod copper sensitivity and comparison with Antarctic and temperate copepods

Arctic copepod copper sensitivity and comparison with Antarctic and temperate copepods

Under-ice observations by trawls and multi-frequency acoustics in the Central Arctic Ocean reveals abundance and composition of pelagic fauna

The emerging picture of a diverse deep Arctic Ocean seafloor: From habitats to ecosystems

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