Joint effects of mitochondrial DNA 5178 C/A polymorphism and coffee consumption or alcohol consumption on clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged Japanese men: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

BackgroundLongevity-associated mitochondrial DNA 5178 (Mt5178) C/A reportedly modulates the effects of coffee consumption on the risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia and abnormal glucose tolerance, and those of alcohol consumption on the risk of hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in middle-aged Japanese men. However, there has been no research examining whether Mt5178 C/A polymorphism influences the effects of coffee consumption or alcohol consumption on the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs).MethodsA total of 332 male subjects (mean age ± SD, 52.8 ± 7.8 years) were selected from among individuals visiting the hospital for regular medical check-ups. After Mt5178 C/A genotyping, a cross-sectional study assessing the joint effects of Mt5178 C/A polymorphism and coffee consumption or alcohol consumption on the clustering of CRFs, namely hypertension, abnormal glucose tolerance, hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hypo-high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia, was then conducted.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounding factors, significant and negative associations were observed between coffee consumption and clustering of ≥2 CRFs in subjects with Mt5178C. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the clustering of ≥2 or ≥3 CRFs was significantly lower in subjects who consumed 1–3 cups of coffee per day than in those who consumed <1 cup of coffee per day (OR = 0.496, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.249–0.989, and OR = 0.369, 95% CI: 0.165–0.826, respectively). On the other hand, after adjustment, positive associations between coffee consumption and clustering of ≥2 CRFs were observed in subjects with Mt5178A. However, these associations did not reach a significant level. For Mt5178C genotypic men, the adjusted OR for the clustering of ≥2 or ≥3 CRFs was significantly higher in daily drinkers than in occasional drinkers (OR = 2.737, 95% CI: 1.361–5.502, and OR = 3.024, 95% CI: 1.269–7.210, respectively). On the other hand, the association between Mt5178A genotype and the clustering of ≥2 or ≥3 CRFs did not appear to depend on alcohol consumption.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that Mt5178 C/A polymorphism modifies the effects of coffee consumption or alcohol consumption on the clustering of CRFs in middle-aged Japanese men.

Longevity-associated mitochondrial DNA 5178 C/A polymorphism modulates the effects of coffee consumption on erythrocytic parameters in Japanese men: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis

“…Previous cross-sectional studies reported the joint effects of Mt5178 C/A polymorphism and coffee consumption on the risk of hypertension [ 16 ], risk of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia [ 17 ] and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors [ 18 ]. Amongst men with Mt5178C genotype, the risk of hypertension was significantly lower in those who consumed ≥2 cups of coffee per day than in those who consumed ≤1 cup of coffee per day [ 16 ].…”

“…Amongst men with Mt5178C genotype, the risk of hypertension was significantly lower in those who consumed ≥2 cups of coffee per day than in those who consumed ≤1 cup of coffee per day [ 16 ]. The risk of the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors was significantly lower in those who consumed ≥1 cup of coffee per day than in those who consumed <1 cup of coffee per day [ 18 ]. Amongst Mt5178A genotypic men, the risk of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia was significantly higher in those who consumed ≥1 cup of coffee per day than in those who consumed <1 cup of coffee per day [ 17 ].…”

“…A survey of coffee intake, habitual smoking, alcohol consumption and green tea intake was performed using a questionnaire. As in previous reports [ 17 , 18 ], coffee consumption was categorized based on the number of cups of coffee per day (<1 cup per day, 1 to 3 cups per day, ≥4 cups per day). Habitual smoking was classified as non- or ex-smokers and current smokers.…”

“…Japanese individuals with Mt5178A are more resistant to hypertension [ 6 ], diabetes [ 7 ], myocardial infarction [ 8 , 9 ] and cerebrovascular disorders [ 10 ] than those with Mt5178C. Moreover, Mt5178 C/A polymorphism interacts with several lifestyle habits, namely habitual smoking [ 11 – 14 ], alcohol consumption [ 6 , 14 , 15 ], coffee consumption [ 16 – 18 ] and green tea consumption [ 19 ], on the risk of lifestyle-related diseases. Mt5178 C/A polymorphism influences the effects of coffee consumption on the risk of hypertension [ 16 ], hyper-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia [ 17 ] and the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors [ 18 ].…”

Inter‐Individual Variation in Cancer and Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes in Response to Coffee Consumption: A Critical Review

“…Of these, 24 studies were related to cancer ( Table 1 ), [ 17–40 ] and 50 studies to cardiometabolic diseases ( Table 2 ). [ 41–90 ]…”