Joint Estimation of Source Range and Depth Using a Bottom-Deployed Vertical Line Array in Deep Water

Li, Hui; Yang, Kunde; Duan, Rui; Lei, Zhixiong

doi:10.3390/s17061315

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A simple two-path ray model that only takes into account the direct contribution and the sea surface reflected gives quite accurate approximations, even in deep water [ 15 ]. As illustrated in Figure 6 , the SAMARUC PAM system (green dot) is placed at depth

and the source at depth

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Design and Application of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring System for the Assessment of the Good Environmental Status in Spanish Marine Waters

Lara

Miralles²,

Bou-Cabo³

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Passive acoustic monitoring systems allow for non-invasive monitoring of underwater species and anthropogenic noise. One of these systems has been developed keeping in mind the need to create a user-friendly tool to obtain the ambient noise indicators, while at the same time providing a powerful tool for marine scientists and biologists to progress in studying the effect of human activities on species and ecosystems. The device is based on a low-power processor with ad-hoc electronics, ensuring that the system has efficient energy management, and that the storage capacity is large enough to allow deployments for long periods. An application is presented using data from an acoustic campaign done in 2018 at El Gorguel (Cartagena, Spain). The results show a good agreement between theoretical maps created using AIS data and the ambient noise level indicators measured in the frequency bands of 63 Hz and 125 Hz specified in the directive 11 of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive. Using a 2D representation, these ambient noise indicators have enabled repetitive events and daily variations in boat traffic to be identified. The ship noise registered can also be used to track ships by using the acoustic signatures of the engine propellers’ noise.

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and the source at depth

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Design and Application of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring System for the Assessment of the Good Environmental Status in Spanish Marine Waters

Lara

Miralles²,

Bou-Cabo³

et al. 2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Their team estimated the target depth by analyzing the number of fringes [18] and made improvements to handle the situation of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and weak source depth fluctuations [19]. Some scholars mapped the sound field to other domains based on the interference structure of the sound field to achieve effective separation of source depth [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Deep-Sea Broadband Sound Source Depth Estimation Method Based on the Interference Structure of the Compensated Beam Output

Liang,

Chen,

Meng

et al. 2023

JMSE

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This paper proposes an underwater broadband target depth estimation method based on the multipath arrival structure in medium and short-range deep-sea environments. The proposed approach involves separating the multipath rays arriving at the vertical line array using the matched filtering technique. The combined beamforming is then applied to the vector hydrophone vertical array (VHVA) to obtain more accurate elevation angle estimates. The components of the interference sound field at different distances are judged, and the signal received by the array is compensated using suitable estimated angles. Finally, the multipath time delay difference is extracted from the pulse peaks of the compensated signal, and the target depth is estimated by establishing the relationship among the multipath time delay difference, the elevation angle and depth. Simulations and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in reducing the depth estimation bias and avoiding the misjudgment of surface or submerged targets.

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“…For broadband targets, the interference pattern in the frequency domain is also applicable to underwater source localisation [6]. Li et al [7] presented a joint-source range and depth estimation method using a bottom-deployed scalar VLA. In recent years, the method of machine learning has aroused great heat [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li et al. [7] presented a joint‐source range and depth estimation method using a bottom‐deployed scalar VLA. In recent years, the method of machine learning has aroused great heat [8, 9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi‐step method for passive broadband source localisation using a single vector sensor

Wang

Lin

et al. 2022

IET Radar Sonar & Navi

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In the deep ocean, a vector sensor is deployed near the seabed to receive direct waves from the reliable acoustic path (RAP). In the space domain, the vector sensor can estimate the vertical arrival azimuth of the signal, which is sensitive to distance. In the frequency domain, the periodic interference pattern formed by the direct and surfacereflected wave is decided by both the source depth and the vertical arrival azimuth. In this work, a multi-step method for passive broadband source localisation using a single-vector sensor (SVS) is proposed. At first, the depth is estimated by the interference pattern in the frequency domain. Then the ranging problem is solved based on the depth estimated result. The impact of the surface-generated noise is considered. Compared with the scalar vertical line array (VLA) in simulation, the localisation performance of SVS has higher requirements for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) but is much smaller in size. In the experiment, Gaussian white noise from 310 to 430 Hz was emitted to simulate the underwater target. Compared with traditional match-field processing (MFP), the multi-step method is much more stable, accurate, and efficient. The computing time is drastically shortened.

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Joint Estimation of Source Range and Depth Using a Bottom-Deployed Vertical Line Array in Deep Water

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

New Insights into the Design and Application of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring System for the Assessment of the Good Environmental Status in Spanish Marine Waters

New Insights into the Design and Application of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring System for the Assessment of the Good Environmental Status in Spanish Marine Waters

A Deep-Sea Broadband Sound Source Depth Estimation Method Based on the Interference Structure of the Compensated Beam Output

A multi‐step method for passive broadband source localisation using a single vector sensor

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