“…Markov Chain based stochastic models have been explored extensively in this regard [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Due to the success of Matrix Factorization (MF [10]) based methods for recommendation systems in other domains, MF methods [11,12,13,2,14,15,16,17] have also been studied for better POI recommendation modeling. To achieve better performance than vanilla MF methods, Bayesian Personalized Ranking (BPR [18]) methods have been employed [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,8].…”