Jojoba Oil (Simmondsia Chinensis) as a Natural Plasticizer for Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Elastomers

Abstract

Jojoba oil (JO) as a natural plasticizer for ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber was studied and compared with paraffin oil (PO) at 5, 10, and 20 phr, using sulfur and peroxide cross-linking systems. Vulcanization curves for sulfur systems had the lowest torque value for JO, 26 dNm, whereas for PO, it was 60 dNm. For peroxide systems, the lowest torque value was for PO compounds, 18 dNm, whereas for JO, it was 21 dNm. Stress values for sulfur systems were 12–18 MPa, and for peroxide systems, 14–23 MPa; 23 MPa was for JO compounds. Highest cross-link density values were for sulfur systems with PO >1000 mol/m3. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated volatilization of PO, 250–280 °C and for JO at 400 °C, evidencing better EPDM thermal stability with JO. Results showed a greater plasticizing effect of JO when using sulfur as the cross-linking agent, and its possible use as a renewable plasticizer for EPDM, reducing the concentration of the plasticizer in formulations.

Influence of liquid polybutadiene on crosslinking network and mechanical properties of SSBR/BR

“…Torque is an indicator of polymer viscosity. [ 31 ] It can be seen from Figure 3, at the beginning, the increase in temperature led to the decrease of torque. When LPB was used instead of TDAE, the minimum torque ( M L ) of SSBR/BR compounds decreased significantly, and the scorch time ( t s1 ) increased (Figure 3A).…”

Medicinal properties of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis)

“…These can be exploited in several industrial applications, most prominent are pharmaceutics and cosmetics, due to the structural resemblance with human skin sebum and structural properties. Additional industrial uses that previously utilized whale sperm oil take advantage of jojoba oil in the production of plastics, detergents, renewable energy, and lubricants (Al-Widyan & Al-Muhtaseb 2010;Sandouqa & Al-Hamamre 2019;Vaillant et al 2019). As a high yielding non-edible oil, its use as a raw material for the creation of biodiesel has been considered (Sandouqa & Al-Hamamre 2019).…”

Antibacterial Activity of Jojoba Seed residue and Its Possible Active Compound

“…Jojoba is famous for its seed oil (liquid wax ester), consisting mainly of straight-chain monoesters in the C40-C44 range. Jojoba oil is used in skincare products, especially as moisturizers, hair conditioners, lubricants [3], antiherpes simplex 1 [4], and also as plasticizers [5]. After extracting the oil, jojoba seed residue (JSR) is still rich in protein 29-30%, cyanogenic glycosides (cyanomethylene cyclohexyl glycosides), simmondsin, and its derivatives [6].…”