Journalism under pressure in conflict zones: A study of journalists and editors in seven countries

Høiby, Marte; Ottosen, Rune

doi:10.1177/1750635217728092

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Furthermore, Peter du Toit (2015) argued that a journalist must also inform the conflict to the reader with a detailed event and consider various factors in its coverage. In addition, Hoiby and Ottosen (2017) emphasised that a journalist must be able to get access from both conflicting parties. Without access to conflict areas, the news created by journalists cannot be objective.…”

Section: War/violence Orientedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Media Strategy in Covering Religious Conflicts: A Case Study of Ahmadiyah Conflict in West Java, Indonesia

Dulwahab

Abdullah

Maryani

et al. 2021

JKMJC

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The Ahmadiyah conflict in Indonesia is often publicised by the Indonesian mass media at local and national level. The media plays an important role in covering conflict and there is a great interest among media and communication researchers to investigate media portrayals of these events. Most studies focused on the role of the media and journalists in the conflict. Very limited study however focused on media approach or analysing media strategies in covering the conflict. This research aims to explore strategies by two newspapers i.e: the Pikiran Rakyat (the biggest newspapers in West Java) and Republika (one the biggest newspapers in Indonesia) in reporting the Ahmadiyah religious conflict in Indonesia. Applying a qualitative approach, using a case study method, this research revealed that both media outlets applied four strategies in covering the Ahmadiyah conflict. These strategies are: (1) Building and maintaining good relations with news sources, which includes people involved in the conflict and witnesses; (2) Establishing a basecamp in which the journalists can focus on covering the conflict for a longer period; (3) Conducting interviews with news informants and making efforts to be accepted by the local people by mingling with the community and showing their neutrality stance; (4) Presenting and maintaining the accuracy of news. The result of this study is expected to contribute to the emerging literature on media and conflict, as well as understanding journalistic practice in covering various religious conflicts in Indonesia and beyond. Keywords: Media, journalist, coverage, conflict, Ahmadiyah religious community.

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Section: War/violence Orientedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without access to conflict areas, the news created by journalists cannot be objective. The difficulty in accessing conflict areas can lead to biased coverage and have an impact on the decline in journalistic quality (Hoiby & Ottosen, 2017).…”

Section: War/violence Orientedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media Strategy in Covering Religious Conflicts: A Case Study of Ahmadiyah Conflict in West Java, Indonesia

Dulwahab

Abdullah

Maryani

et al. 2021

JKMJC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We have found three limitations in previous studies of journalist safety. First, we found that most studies on the safety of journalists stemmed out of conflict and reporting of war zones (Ashry, 2019;Aslam, 2015;Creech, 2018;Düsterhöft, 2013;Eide, Khalvatgar, & Shirzad, 2019;Greppi, 2004;Høiby & Ottosen, 2017;Kim, 2010;Lisosky & Henrichsen, 2009;Relly & Bustamante, 2014;Saboory et al, 2017;Tumber, 2006). Journalists' safety in stable authoritarian or hybrid regimes like Bangladesh hardly gets scholarly attention.…”

Section: The Scope Of This Study: Safety Of Journalists In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Conceptualizing Safety of Journalists in Bangladesh

Hasan

Wadud

2020

MaC

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Journalists are currently facing a multitude of threats. Commonly, these are considered in terms of harassment and bodily harms such as incarceration and murder of journalists. In the Bangladeshi case we argue that the parameters for evaluating what constitutes safety for journalists go beyond conventional wisdom. On the basis of in-depth interviews of 23 Bangladeshi journalists, we argue that the concept of journalists’ safety has three intertwined dimensions. First, journalists’ safety incorporates avoiding bodily harm (imprisonment, enforced disappearance, and so forth), and harassment, as well as economic and career threats. Second, in order to remain safe, journalists undertake various tactics including compromising the objectivity of news in a regime where security apparatus and pro-government journalists work in tandem to surveil and intimidate non-partisan journalists. Third, the tactics used by journalists decrease public faith in the media and the media can no longer play a watchdog role. We argue that one needs to reconceptualize the safety of journalists within these three intertwined dimensions.

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“…In this context, some major media organizations have lost the trust of their audiences and have been accused of serious ethical violations for not criticizing actions of the government. As some critics have pointed out, the Pentagon's embedded journalism system, which first emerged as a way to manage strategic media during the Iraq War, called into question the integrity of journalism in the US media (LeBlanc, 2013;Høiby & Ottosen, 2019). Kellner (2008, p. 299) also argued that during the Gulf War in 1991, the Afghanistan War in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003, newspapers, radio and television (454) Onur Dursun, Filiz Yıldız, Serkan Bulut Moment Journal, 2019, 6(2): 447-469 broadcasting enforced the messages of the army and the state whereas critical approaches were rare.…”

Section: Photojournalism and Visualization Of Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Savaş Ve Görselleşen Savaş Arasindaki̇ İki̇lem: Wpp’ni̇n Ödüllendi̇rdi̇ği̇ Savaş Fotoğraflari Üzeri̇ne Bi̇r Anali̇z

2019

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Wars, having negative effects on local, national and global scales, violate the fundamental rights of living beings and, in general, cause irreversible casualties. War is a phenomenon that affects life itself and the entire social structure and institutions. Although death, physical injury, or psychological consequences are well known to war, their macro-level damage to the social structure is often overlooked. The mass media also tend to focus on the obvious consequences of the war while ignoring its structural impact on society. This research applies content analysis to the images of the war theme awarded in various categories by the World Press Photo Organization, towards inquiring to what extent possible impacts and * Associate Professor., Moment Journal, 2019, 6(2): 447-469 consequences of wars are represented via such images. The study concludes that usually Western photojournalists create war narrative while the geography of conflict depicted is mostly non-Western. It also concluded that the war was visualized by themes such as death, injury and disability, displacement, hunger, and deprivation, that the moments of war are highlighted while its long-term implications are ignored; that war is portrayed without subjects by symbolic images, often indirect; and that war is viewed as a hierarchical field in terms of the perpetrator and the victim.Savaş, yerel, ulusal ve küresel düzlemlerde güçlü olumsuz etkileri olan, canlıların temel haklarını ihlal eden ve çoğunlukla da geri dönüşü olmayan felaketlere yol açan bir durumdur. Savaş, etkilerini toplumsal yapının bütün yaşam alanlarında ve kurumlarında hissettiren bir olgudur. Savaş, ölüm, yaralanma, bedensel ve ruhsal etkiler bırakma gibi etkileriyle bilinen ama çoğu kez toplumsal yapı üzerindeki makro ölçekli hasarlarının ihmal edildiği bir çatışma sürecidir. Medya da sunumları ile savaşa ilişkin bu genel bakış açısını, yani ölüm ve yaralanma gibi durumları öne çıkarma ve toplum üzerindeki makro etkileri/sonuçları da ihmal etme eğilimindedir. Bu çalışma, Dünya Basın Fotoğrafı Vakfı (World Press Photo Organisation *WPP+) tarafından çeşitli kategorilerde ödüllendirilen savaş temalı fotoğraflara içerik analizi uygulayarak, savaşların olası etkilerini ve sonuçlarını bu görseller aracılığıyla ne ölçüde temsil ettiğini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Analiz, uluslararası alanda savaş anlatısının çoğunlukla Batılı foto-muhabirleri tarafından inşa edildiğini, savaşın coğrafyası olarak ise Batılı olmayan bölgelerin gösterildiği sonucuna varmıştır. Ayrıca foto-muhabirlerinin savaşı görselleştirirken ağırlıklı olarak ölüm, yaralanma ve engellilik, yer değiştirme, açlık ve yoksulluk gibi temalar üzerinden kurduğu; savaş esnasına odaklanarak uzun erimli sonuçları genel olarak ihmal ettikleri; savaşı öznesiz göstererek anlatımı büyük ölçüde dolaylı-sembolik imgeler üzerinden kurdukları sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Terimlerfoto muhabirliği, Dünya Basın Fotoğrafı Vakfı, savaşın görselleştirilmesi, Batılı bakış, savaş fotoğrafçılığı (449)

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Journalism under pressure in conflict zones: A study of journalists and editors in seven countries

Cited by 44 publications

References 2 publications

Media Strategy in Covering Religious Conflicts: A Case Study of Ahmadiyah Conflict in West Java, Indonesia

Media Strategy in Covering Religious Conflicts: A Case Study of Ahmadiyah Conflict in West Java, Indonesia

Re-Conceptualizing Safety of Journalists in Bangladesh

Savaş Ve Görselleşen Savaş Arasindaki̇ İki̇lem: Wpp’ni̇n Ödüllendi̇rdi̇ği̇ Savaş Fotoğraflari Üzeri̇ne Bi̇r Anali̇z

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