Judgements of time to contact are affected by rate of appearance of visible texture

Jacobs, David M.; Díaz, Alex

doi:10.1080/17470211003703475

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, disambiguating the contribution of different visual cues that are inherently linked to a looming object is a challenging next step. In this experiment, we controlled for global changes in luminance using point light stimuli, but manipulating object properties such as visible texture can bias the percept of looming [27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processing of imminent collision in humans

et al. 2010

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Detecting a looming object and its imminent collision is imperative to survival. For most humans, it is a fundamental aspect of daily activities such as driving, road crossing and participating in sport, yet little is known about how the brain both detects and responds to such stimuli. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess neural response to looming stimuli in comparison with receding stimuli and motion-controlled static stimuli. We demonstrate for the first time that, in the human, the superior colliculus and the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus respond to looming in addition to cortical regions associated with motor preparation. We also implicate the anterior insula in making timing computations for collision events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural processing of imminent collision in humans

et al. 2010

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“…An alternative version of our device [23,24] actually used different driving voltages (and hence, different intensities) for different actuators, with driving voltage being a function of distance. In vision it has been shown that fine-grained texture is exploitable for TTC perception, in addition to the main role of the tau-component defined by the outline of the approaching object [30]. Although the device presented in this study is able to regulate the intensity of the actuators, we used this type of regulation only in one of our experiments: the more informal one with a ballhitting task.…”

Section: Embodiment and Sensory Substitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have developed a classic perceptual experiment designed to study TTC (cf. [30]). In this procedure, a sphere approaching the participant at a constant speed was simulated and presented visually on a screen and/or as a tactile stimulation through the waistband.…”

Section: Software For Simulated Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactile-Sight: A Sensory Substitution Device Based on Distance-Related Vibrotactile Flow

Cancar

Díaz

Barrientos

et al. 2013

International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems

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Sensory substitution is a research field of increasing interest with regard to technical, applied and theoretical issues. Among the latter, it is of central interest to understand the form in which humans perceive the environment. Ecological psychology, among other approaches, proposes that we can detect higher-order informational variables (in the sense that they are defined over substantial spatial and temporal intervals) that specify our interaction with the environment. When using a vibrotactile sensory substitution device, it is reasonable to ask if stimulation on the skin may be exploitable to detect higher-order variables. Motivated by this question, a portable vibrotactile sensory substitution device was built, using distance-based information as a source and driving a large number of vibrotactile actuators (72 in the reported version, 120 max). The portable device was designed to explore real environments, allowing natural unrestricted movement for the user while providing contingent real-time vibrotactile information. Two preliminary experiments were performed. In the first one, participants were asked to detect the time to contact of an approaching ball in a simulated (desktop) environment. Reasonable performance was observed in all experimental conditions, including the one with only tactile stimulation. In the second experiment, a portable version of the device was used in a real environment, where participants were asked to hit an approaching ball. Participants were able to coordinate their arm movements with vibrotactile stimulation in appropriate timing. We conclude that vibrotactile flow can be generated by distance-based activation of the actuators and that this stimulation on the skin allows users to perceive time-tocontact related environmental properties.

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“…Behaviorally speaking, however, a bulk of recent evidence casts doubts on the use of τ as a general model for TTC estimation. Deviations from τ predictions have been reported depending on the type of task (Lugtigheid and Welchman, 2011), the duration of the trajectory (Hosking and Crassini, 2011), illusory or contextual effects (Smeets et al, 1996; DeLucia et al, 2000), texture (Jacobs and Diaz, 2010) or reliability of physical information relevant for catching like ball size (López-Moliner et al, 2007b; López-Moliner and Keil, 2012) or shape (López-Moliner et al, 2007a). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergies between optical and physical variables in intercepting parabolic targets

Gómez¹,

López‐Moliner²

2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Interception requires precise estimation of time-to-contact (TTC) information. A long-standing view posits that all relevant information for extracting TTC is available in the angular variables, which result from the projection of distal objects onto the retina. The different timing models rooted in this tradition have consequently relied on combining visual angle and its rate of expansion in different ways with tau being the most well-known solution for TTC. The generalization of these models to timing parabolic trajectories is not straightforward. For example, these different combinations rely on isotropic expansion and usually assume first-order information only, neglecting acceleration. As a consequence no optical formulations have been put forward so far to specify TTC of parabolic targets with enough accuracy. It is only recently that context-dependent physical variables have been shown to play an important role in TTC estimation. Known physical size and gravity can adequately explain observed data of linear and free-falling trajectories, respectively. Yet, a full timing model for specifying parabolic TTC has remained elusive. We here derive two formulations that specify TTC for parabolic ball trajectories. The first specification extends previous models in which known size is combined with thresholding visual angle or its rate of expansion to the case of fly balls. To efficiently use this model, observers need to recover the 3D radial velocity component of the trajectory which conveys the isotropic expansion. The second one uses knowledge of size and gravity combined with ball visual angle and elevation angle. Taking into account the noise due to sensory measurements, we simulate the expected performance of these models in terms of accuracy and precision. While the model that combines expansion information and size knowledge is more efficient during the late trajectory, the second one is shown to be efficient along all the flight.

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Judgements of time to contact are affected by rate of appearance of visible texture

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Neural processing of imminent collision in humans

Neural processing of imminent collision in humans

Tactile-Sight: A Sensory Substitution Device Based on Distance-Related Vibrotactile Flow

Synergies between optical and physical variables in intercepting parabolic targets

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