“…There are several variations of jugular foramen syndrome related to the location of the skull base mass including Jackson syndrome (dysfunction of cranial nerves X, XI, and XII), Tapas syndrome (dysfunction of cranial nerve X and XII), Collet–Sicard syndrome (dysfunction of cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII), and Villaret syndrome (dysfunction of cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII, as well as the cervical chain sympathetics) . Classic jugular foramen, or Vernet syndrome, with occipital pain and cranial nerve IX, X, and XI involvement, is usually because of an intracranial tumor, whereas the other syndromes described are more likely to be due to an extracranial tumor …”