Julija: New variety of wheat

For the last twenty years, in addition to breeding wheat, PKB Agroekonomik Institute has been working very intensively on breeding other real or bread grains. High-yielding, late winter rye variety PKB Zmaj has been obtained by the pedigree method by a simple crossing of genetically different parents from the collection of PKB Agroekonomik Institute: variety Rtanj and line PKB-R-105. This variety of winter rye combines genes responsible for very high yield potential, resistance to lodging, low temperatures and more significant diseases in the rye. Winter rye variety PKB Zmaj was registered by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia in 2018. With the use of optimal agricultural techniques, the variety PKB Zmaj has a high genetic potential for fertility and high adaptation to different climatic and soil conditions.

PKB Zmaj: A new variety of winter rye created at PKB Agroekonomik institute

Đurić¹,

Poštić²,

Cvijanović³

et al. 2021

Influence of amelioration on the productivity of alfalfa on acid soil types vertisols

Stojiljković¹,

Rajičić²,

Terzić³

et al. 2021

Alfalfa is the most important forage legume in our agroecological conditions for feeding cattle. In the area of Jablanica district, alfalfa occupies a considerable place in the total plant production. The restrictive factor in the establishment and short durability of alfalfa stand is the low pH of arable agricultural soil. Within the three-year field trial on Vertisol soil type (pH in KCl 4.9), from 2016 to 2018, alfalfa plot yield has been analyzed with different fertilization variants. The research results indicate that alfalfa provides a significantly higher yield on the plot where amelioration measures were applied, through the application of limestone and manure, with the addition of mineral fertilizer. A barely lower yield was achieved on the calcified and manured plot, while the lowest yield was on the control plot, where a generous amount of mineral fertilizer was added, which is a common practice of agricultural producers in the area of Jablanica district.

Spike index stability of bread wheat grown on halomorphic soil

Ljubičić¹,

Popović²,

Ivošević³

et al. 2022

Bread wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. Wheat breeding has been based on science and has been constantly evolving due to breeding program improvements. Improving yield potential, resistance/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and baking quality are priorities for breeding this cereal. Soil and climatic conditions are one of the most important factors affecting the grain yield of wheat. During the two vegetation seasons, phenotypic variability and genotype by environment interaction (GEI) for spike index of eleven wheat genotypes were studied under specific growing conditions of halomorphic soil, solonetz type. The combined ANOVA showed that the phenotypic expression of spike index was significantly influenced by environmental variations, because the significant variance explained 48.8 % of the total variation, while genotype contributed with 7.8 % of the total variation of the experiment. The first source of variation IPCA1 explained 55.6 % of the GEI variation for the spike index of wheat. Genetics analysis of different wheat genotypes grown in different agro-ecological conditions contributes to their better utilization, as well as, selection for crosses in wheat breeding programs.