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The article discusses the relationships between Ashaninka people from Peruvian Amazonia and the ibinishi ethnotaxon corresponding to several species from the Acanthaceae family cultivated in Ashaninka home gardens. The information on cultivated Acanthaceae comes from 59 gardens in 12 native communities along the Tambo River valley in Peruvian Upper Amazonia. The data were interpreted with a more-than-utility theoretical-methodological approach. Ibinishi, also known as pinitsi, are the second major group of cultivated medicinal plants after ibenki (Cyperus spp.) by the Ashaninka. An over-differentiation phenomenon is observed, in which three species of Justicia, one of Lepidagathis, and one of Ruellia correspond to 66 different ethnospecies of ibinishi. Their names are secondary lexemes, and in their meaning, they refer mostly to visions, spirits, and human and animal sorcerers. A wide scope of uses is connected to Ashaninka etiologies but only partly supported by the secondary metabolites found in those species. The ethnomedical phenomenon of ibinishi has been found among the Ashaninka but not among other Arawak-speaking groups in Amazonia. Compared to ethnographic sources, the importance of ibinishi seems to have grown among the Ashaninka, which may be ascribed to the armed conflicts and social unrest this group has gone through in recent times.
The article discusses the relationships between Ashaninka people from Peruvian Amazonia and the ibinishi ethnotaxon corresponding to several species from the Acanthaceae family cultivated in Ashaninka home gardens. The information on cultivated Acanthaceae comes from 59 gardens in 12 native communities along the Tambo River valley in Peruvian Upper Amazonia. The data were interpreted with a more-than-utility theoretical-methodological approach. Ibinishi, also known as pinitsi, are the second major group of cultivated medicinal plants after ibenki (Cyperus spp.) by the Ashaninka. An over-differentiation phenomenon is observed, in which three species of Justicia, one of Lepidagathis, and one of Ruellia correspond to 66 different ethnospecies of ibinishi. Their names are secondary lexemes, and in their meaning, they refer mostly to visions, spirits, and human and animal sorcerers. A wide scope of uses is connected to Ashaninka etiologies but only partly supported by the secondary metabolites found in those species. The ethnomedical phenomenon of ibinishi has been found among the Ashaninka but not among other Arawak-speaking groups in Amazonia. Compared to ethnographic sources, the importance of ibinishi seems to have grown among the Ashaninka, which may be ascribed to the armed conflicts and social unrest this group has gone through in recent times.
Introdução: A Justicia pectoralis, conhecida como chambá, é uma planta tradicionalmente usada no tratamento de sintomas respiratórios. É rica em compostos bioativos, incluindo flavonoides e cumarinas, que possuem propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias. Estes compostos, como a naringenina e a escopoletina, são responsáveis por suas ações terapêuticas, incluindo efeitos antitussígenos e broncodilatadores. Metodologia: A metodologia do estudo incluiu uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente, analisando artigos primários e secundários sobre o uso de xarope de J. pectoralis em crianças, nas principais bases de dados disponíveis. Resultados e Discussão : Alguns estudos clínicos apontam para a eficácia da planta no alívio da tosse e dos sintomas respiratórios, melhora na qualidade do sono e na qualidade de vida, mas ainda há lacunas significativas na literatura. Apesar de seu uso tradicional e das evidências pré-clínicas que indicam potencial terapêutico, a maioria dos estudos tem limitações como amostras pequenas, falta de padronização nas formulações e ausência de randomização e cegamento. Conclusão: Embora existam ensaios clínicos que mostrem melhora da tosse e dos sintomas respiratórios com o uso xarope de J. pectoralis mais estudos adicionais são necessários para confirmar a eficácia e segurança, com um foco em amostras maiores e metodologias mais rigorosas. A planta possui um potencial promissor, mas a validação científica adicional é essencial para seu uso clínico amplo.
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