Justification of Parental Violence – A Cross country Analysis Evidence from World Values Survey- Variances based on Gender, Age and Education

Abstract

Every society experiences violence in some way or other. Domestic violence is one of the most common and neglected violence. Research proves that domestic violence has significant short-and long-term impacts on children's physical, emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and social developmental processes. Some international studies have shown that 80-90% of children around the world have been physically punished within the family. In this regard, the researchers aim to explore to what extent parental violence is justified across nations around the world, taking the data from the seventh wave of values survey conducted from 2017 to 2021 in around 59 countries. The research also aims to explore the variance based on gender, age, and education as moderators. SPSS version 26 was used to analyze the data. Mean values, Mann -Whitney U Test and Kruskal Wallis test were the tools used to explore the variance based on gender, age and education. Among the 86,820 total respondents from 59 countries, 41,245 were male respondents and 45,575 were female respondents. The major finding includes there is statistically significant variance exists between male and female respondents as well as different age groups and education levels of the respondents. There was an inverse relationship between age group and education level with the justification of violence. The analysis findings demonstrates the importance of education in reducing the justification of parental violence, highlighting the potential for educational programs to change attitudes toward parenting practices. The findings of this study have significant implications for promoting positive parenting practices and reducing violence against children globally. The research has implications for some policy-making through recommendations.