Juvenility, Maturation, and Rejuvenation in Woody Plants

Hackett, Wesley P.

doi:10.1002/9781118060735.ch3

Cited by 149 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Conversely, some other characteristics like a large vacuome and a higher rate of methylated DNA reported for 1 different species in vitro (Valledor et al 2007;Monteuuis et al 2009) are more representative of the mature stage. This reinforces the opinion on the particularities of in vitro plant tissues (George 1993;Mankessi et al 2011), and on the ambiguity of the apparent rejuvenations observed in such conditions (Hackett 1985;Pierik 1990;Von Aderkas and Bonga 2000).…”

Section: Influence Of Heteroblasty On Sam Characteristics In Vitrosupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This phenomenon has been referred to as phase change or physiological ageing (Schaffalitzky de Muckadell 1959;Borchert 1976). It is reversible, as demonstrated by several cases of reversions from mature to more juvenile characteristics, or rejuvenations, reported for various species (Hackett 1985, Greenwood 1987Monteuuis et al 2011). Phase change has focused a particular attention for a long time especially in tree species due to their huge size and long life span (Schaffalitzky de Muckadell 1959;Romberger 1963;Robinson and Wareing 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phases have been classically and chronologically referred to as (i) the juvenile phase, (ii) the mature or adult phase which begins with the formation of the reproductive organs, and (iii) the senescent phase, prelude to the death of the individual (Doorenbos 1965;Hackett 1983;1985). They can be associated to various changes of varying intensity according to species, such as decline or even loss of ability for adventitious rooting and true-to-type cloning, production of flowers and fruits, which reflect age-related physiological influence (Robbins 1957;Robinson and Wareing 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of Acacia mangium shoot apical meristems in natural and in vitro conditions in relation to heteroblasty

Hatt

Mankessi

Durand

et al. 2012

Trees

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Abstract.The influence of heteroblasty on morphological and histocytological characteristics of Acacia mangium shoot apical meristems (SAMs) was assessed comparing materials with mature and juvenile leaf morphology in natural and in vitro conditions. SAM dome height (H), basal diameter (D) and shape (S) varied significantly according to the four origins of plant material investigated. H and D were highly correlated, with bigger values for the mature source from outdoors "Mat" than for the other origins. Mat SAMs scored also the higher values for the size and the number of cells of the two tunica layers (L1 and L2), the central mother cells (CMC), the peripheral zone (PZ) and the combination of these four SAM zones (4CZ). Overall, cells were noticeably more vacuolized in SAMs from Mat and also from the mature ("IVM") and juvenile-like "IVJ" in vitro origins than in those from the outdoor juvenile source "Juv". These latter were characterized by larger cells and nuclei for L1 and L2 tunica layers, whereas Mat SAMs showed smaller nuclei and nucleoplasmic ratios for L1, L2, CMC and PZ zones. Some Mat SAM nuclei looked densely stained by NBB while others exhibited numerous chromocenters disseminated in the nucleoplasm where nucleolei could hardly be distinguished. By contrast Juv as well as IVJ and IVM SAM nuclei appeared more evenly and lightly stained and could show clearly distinguishable darker nucleolei possibly surrounded by less abundant chromocenters.

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Section: Influence Of Heteroblasty On Sam Characteristics In Vitrosupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characteristics of Acacia mangium shoot apical meristems in natural and in vitro conditions in relation to heteroblasty

Hatt

Mankessi

Durand

et al. 2012

Trees

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“…This phase can last several years; for instance, poplar and apple flower for the first time after 7-10 and 4-8 years, respectively (Hackett et al 1985;Hsu et al 2006). The transition from the juvenile to the adult phase is regulated by the CO/FT regulatory module, similar to the photoperiod pathway of the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase in Arabidopsis described above.…”

Section: Approaching Tree Architecturementioning

confidence: 95%

“…To gain an advantage in the competition for light and nutrients during their first few years of life and to build up constructional and photosynthetically active organs before the formation of reproductive structures, most trees undergo a juvenile phase in which they cannot be induced to flower (Hackett 1985). This phase can last several years; for instance, poplar and apple flower for the first time after 7-10 and 4-8 years, respectively (Hackett et al 1985;Hsu et al 2006).…”

Section: Approaching Tree Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing a key player in the regulation of plant architecture: the columnar growth habit of apple trees (Malus × domestica)

Petersen

Krost

2013

Planta

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Plant architecture is regulated by a complex interplay of some key players (often transcription factors), phytohormones and other signaling molecules such as microRNAs. The columnar growth habit of apple trees is a unique form of plant architecture characterized by thick and upright stems showing a compaction of internodes and carrying short fruit spurs instead of lateral branches. The molecular basis for columnar growth is a single dominant allele of the gene Columnar, whose identity, function and gene product are unknown. As a result of marker analyses, this gene has recently been fine-mapped to chromosome 10 at 18.51-19.09 Mb [according to the annotation of the apple genome by Velasco (2010)], a region containing a cluster of quantitative trait loci associated with plant architecture, but no homologs to the well-known key regulators of plant architecture. Columnar apple trees have a higher auxin/ cytokinin ratio and lower levels of gibberellins and abscisic acid than normal apple trees. Transcriptome analyses corroborate these results and additionally show differences in cell membrane and cell wall function. It can be expected that within the next year or two, an integration of these different research methodologies will reveal the identity of the Columnar gene. Besides enabling breeders to efficiently create new apple (and maybe related pear, peach, cherry, etc.) cultivars which combine desirable characteristics of commercial cultivars with the advantageous columnar growth habit using gene technology, this will also provide new insights into an elevated level of plant growth regulation.

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Contrasting Life History Traits in Monocarpic Versus Polycarpic Plants from a Molecular‐Evolutionary Point of View

Kiefer

Bergonzi

Brand

et al. 2019

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Seed plants can be broadly divided into two groups according to their life history. Annual plants complete their life cycle including germination, vegetative growth, and finally reproduction within one year. Usually, annual plants flower once in their lifetime and are, therefore, referred to as monocarpic. Perennial plants alternate between vegetative and reproductive phases over several consecutive years and usually have the ability to flower multiple times throughout their lifetime and are, therefore, referred to as polycarpic. Shifts between these two life histories have occurred multiple times independently in higher plants. Each life history comes with its own set of typical morphological characters and differential expression of key genes involved in the regulation of juvenile phase, flowering, branching, or senescence shape molecular pathways into fitting with the respective life history.

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Juvenility, Maturation, and Rejuvenation in Woody Plants

Cited by 149 publications

References 106 publications

Characteristics of Acacia mangium shoot apical meristems in natural and in vitro conditions in relation to heteroblasty

Characteristics of Acacia mangium shoot apical meristems in natural and in vitro conditions in relation to heteroblasty

Tracing a key player in the regulation of plant architecture: the columnar growth habit of apple trees (Malus × domestica)

Contrasting Life History Traits in Monocarpic Versus Polycarpic Plants from a Molecular‐Evolutionary Point of View

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