K2O Doped Dolomite as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Production from Palm Oil

Yahaya, M. S.; Ramli, Irmawati; Muhamad, Ernee Noryana; Ishak, Nor Shafizah; Nda-Umar, Usman Idris; Taufiq‐Yap, Yun Hin

doi:10.3390/catal10070791

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For the impregnation of metal on the catalyst support, the large amount of doped metal oxide (20 wt.%) might cover and agglomerate on the catalyst surface resulting in reduction of the surface area. The K-CaO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst exhibited the lowest BET surface area due to the pore blockage and a crystallite size of K 2 O from XRD result (section 1.4.2), which was in agreement with Yahaya et al [53]. The K 2 O catalyst has only 1.3 m 2 /g.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)supporting

confidence: 88%

“…(c) shows the adsorption band of K-O observed at 1433 cm -1[53]. The Sr-O functional group was observed at 855 and 1446 cm -1 as indicated in Figure4.3 (d) [41].…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Yahaya et al [53] doped K 2 O on dolomite (MgCa(CO 3 ) 2 ) catalyst for FAME production derived from palm oil. K 2 O doped on dolomite by impregnation method with various amount of K 2 O in range of 5-10 wt.%.…”

Section: Metal Loading On Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of single metal loading on CaO/AL2O3 pellet catalyst for biodiesel production

Munbupphachart¹

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Biodiesel is a sustainable biofuel mainly derived from transesterification of vegetable oil or animal fat. Transesterification is increasingly being catalyzed by heterogeneous catalysts in recent years. As a result of a high-pressure drop, solid base catalysts in a powder form are not suitable for a continuous process. A pellet catalyst is more convenient, but it has lower surface per volume as well as lower in its catalytic activity for transesterification. This research aims at studying the effect of metal oxides loading on CaO/Al2O3 pellet catalyst for improvement of catalytic activity of transesterification. The 20 wt.% single metal loading of metal oxides on CaO/Al2O3 pellet catalysts including Li-CaO/Al2O3, K-CaO/Al2O3, Sr-CaO/Al2O3, and Fe-CaO/Al2O3 were synthesized by incipient impregnation method. The K-CaO/Al2O3 pellet catalyst gave the highest biodiesel yield (95.5%) under 12:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 65 °C, 10 wt.% catalysts and 6 h reaction time. Its total basicity was found to be 2.40 mmol/g. The initial TOF was determined and found the relationship between the basicity and its catalytic activity. In addition, the mechanical strength of K-CaO/Al2O3 pellet catalyst was increased when compared with the bare CaO/Al2O3 pellet catalyst. Unfortunately, the leaching problem of K-CaO/Al2O3 pellet catalyst was observed during the transesterification.

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Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)supporting

confidence: 88%

“…(c) shows the adsorption band of K-O observed at 1433 cm -1[53]. The Sr-O functional group was observed at 855 and 1446 cm -1 as indicated in Figure4.3 (d) [41].…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

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Effect of single metal loading on CaO/AL2O3 pellet catalyst for biodiesel production

Munbupphachart¹

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“…Upon calcination at temperatures >850 °C, the carbonate groups of the dolomites are decomposed and generate highly basic CaO and MgO [ 97 ]. The calcined dolomite will be in an oxide form, and its activity will decrease if carbonate is present.…”

Section: Dolomite In Catalytic Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Triglyceride Catalytic Pyrolysis via Heterogenous Dolomite Catalyst for Upgrading Biofuel Quality: A Review

et al. 2023

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This review provides the recent advances in triglyceride catalytic pyrolysis using heterogeneous dolomite catalysts for upgrading biofuel quality. The production of high-quality renewable biofuels through catalytic cracking pyrolysis has gained significant attention due to their high hydrocarbon and volatile matter content. Unlike conventional applications that require high operational costs, long process times, hazardous material pollution, and enormous energy demand, catalytic cracking pyrolysis has overcome these challenges. The use of CaO, MgO, and activated dolomite catalysts has greatly improved the yield and quality of biofuel, reducing the acid value of bio-oil. Modifications of the activated dolomite surface through bifunctional acid–base properties also positively influenced bio-oil production and quality. Dolomite catalysts have been found to be effective in catalyzing the pyrolysis of triglycerides, which are a major component of vegetable oils and animal fats, to produce biofuels. Recent advances in the field include the use of modified dolomite catalysts to improve the activity and selectivity of the catalytic pyrolysis process. Moreover, there is also research enhancement of the synthesis and modification of dolomite catalysts in improving the performance of biofuel yield conversion. Interestingly, this synergy contribution has significantly improved the physicochemical properties of the catalysts such as the structure, surface area, porosity, stability, and bifunctional acid–base properties, which contribute to the catalytic reaction’s performance.

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“…In addition to having good porosity, the use of mineral-based dolomite is also cheaper because it is naturally available in abundance. Dolomite is one of the most widely distributed and abundant minerals found in Aceh Province, Indonesia [1][2][3][4][5][6]. This study was design to get and modify inorganic oxide catalyst obtained from Aceh local dolomite applied for biodiesel production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aceh Local Dolomite Modified by Alkali Metals as a Low-Cost Solid Inorganic Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis

Ramli

Maisarah

Saidi

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Solid inorganic-based catalyst which mainly contains calcium oxide and magnesium oxide has been successfully prepared from local Aceh dolomite minerals. The calcination process of dolomite particles (150 μm) in the air environment for 4 hours changed those calcium and magnesium carbonates compounds into their oxide form, which are subsequently referred to as inorganic oxides. Furthermore, the calcined local dolomite has been chemically modified using alkaline metal precursors (lithium, sodium and cesium precursors). Physicochemical investigation on the modified dolomite indicated that introduction of lithium metal on modified dolomite surface has a positive impact on increasing the number and strength of basic sites on the catalyst. The modified catalyst had proved its catalytic activity for biodiesel synthesis with the yield values of 82;78;51 respectively.

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K2O Doped Dolomite as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Production from Palm Oil

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of single metal loading on CaO/AL2O3 pellet catalyst for biodiesel production

Effect of single metal loading on CaO/AL2O3 pellet catalyst for biodiesel production

Recent Advances of Triglyceride Catalytic Pyrolysis via Heterogenous Dolomite Catalyst for Upgrading Biofuel Quality: A Review

Aceh Local Dolomite Modified by Alkali Metals as a Low-Cost Solid Inorganic Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis

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