Kajian Artikel: Potensi Plasma Non Termal Sebagai Kandidat Terapi Mastitis Subklinis

Abstract

Subclinical mastitis is the occurrence of inflammation in the parenchymal tissue of mammaryglands due to bacterial contamination that does not show clinical symptoms lead to impacted oneconomic losses. The highest incidence of subclinical mastitis is the presence of Staphylococcusaureus bacteria contamination. Subclinical mastitis in Indonesia is reported to reduce milk productionby up to 53.5%. Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus occurs in the presence of biofilm formation asbacterial immune system to protecting itself from disinfectants and antibiotics. In the last few decades,the development of plasma technology has been widely used in the medical field as cancer therapy,reducing pain, accelerating wound healing and tissue sterilization. There is no study that using theconcept of utilizing Non Termal Plasma in the field of veterinary science, especially in mastitistherapy. Non Termal Plasma is able to decontaminate Staphylococcus aureus through inhibition anddestruction of biofilms. The mechanism of action of Non Termal Plasma in repairing mammary glandtissue is through the destruction of DNA in the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) process by increasingthe growth factor TGF-1 which accelerates the process normal cell regeneration. The objective ofthis study is to reviewing the efficacy of plasma non termal as subclinical mastitis theraphy. This studywas conducted through a narrative review approach by collecting international and nationalliterature with interval time of publication within 2010 – 2020.

Identification of Reactive Species Produced by Surfaces Dielectric Barrier Discharge Nonthermal Plasma with Gas Sources Variation (Air, N2, O2) to Kill Bacteria

“…At the same time, O3 can interfere with cellular respiration. Protein molecules that make up bacterial cell membranes are known to be susceptible to oxidation processes, so that non-thermal plasma treatment on bacteria can cause erosion that results in the rupture of bacterial cell walls (Akter et al, 2020;Amalda et al, 2020;Fallon et al, 2020;Feng & Wang, 2020;Gaur et al, 2021). These results prove that ROS reduction while using a nitrogen gas source causes no significant reduction in the number of colonies.…”

“…This is also supported by research from (Belgacem et al 2017) (Belgacem et al, 2017) and (Carré et al, 2018), which showed that the highest bacterial inactivation rate was obtained using oxygen as a plasma reactor gas. So oxygen becomes raw material in forming reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are effective agents of inactivating bacteria in non-thermal plasma (Amalda et al, 2020). When accumulated, ROS cause oxidative stress resulting in protein, DNA, and lipid damage, and even cell death (Akter et al, 2020;Feng & Wang, 2020).…”

“…OH can cause protein breakdown, reduce ATP, and lead to low energy levels in bacterial cells. In addition, OH can break the phosphodiester bond in the DNA molecule, which causes DNA breakdown and destroys lipid moieties in the plasma membrane (Amalda et al, 2020;Gaur et al, 2021). The O2 -radicals that are also formed directly or indirectly damage proteins, DNA, and lipids, by helping the formation of more reactive radical molecules that ultimately lead to low cell viability and cell death (Amalda et al, 2020;Feng & Wang, 2020).…”

“…Nonthermal plasma technology kills microorganisms by utilizing ionized gas in an electric discharge between two electrodes (Lopes et al, 2013). In recent decades, the use of plasma technology has been widely used in various medical fields such as cancer therapy (Ahn et al, 2014), accelerating wound healing (Dubey et al, 2022), and tissue sterilization (Amalda et al, 2020;Martines et al, 2009). Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and plasma jet are two methods that are often used to produce nonthermal plasma.…”

The Effects of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (RONS) Produced by Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge (SDBD) Non-Thermal Plasma with Treatment Time and Distance Variations to Kill Escherichia coli

“…The mechanism and level of decontamination capability vary depending on the length of treatment time, the distance of treatment, the amount of voltage used, and the source of the gas used. All play a role in how e ective non-thermal plasma is at decontaminating bacteria (Amalda et al, 2020) . In research on bacterial inactivation using SDBD non-thermal plasma treatment, variations in treatment time and treatment distances were used.…”