Kajian Awal Keekonomisan Penggunaan Dividing-Wall Pada Distilasi Ekstraktif

Isolation, Modification, and Characterization of Local Indonesia's Sugarcane Bagasse Cellulose for Dye‐Adsorbent Application

“…The decrease in Cr.I . results from the carboxymethylation process of the first bleaching product, where the hydrogen bonds are deconstructed with carboxymethyl groups [15] …”

“…results from the carboxymethylation process of the first bleaching product, where the hydrogen bonds are deconstructed with carboxymethyl groups. [15] Morphological Characteristics Morphological analysis of sugarcane bagasse biomass and cellulose products using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Figure 4 shows the morphological images of biomass and cellulose products, respectively.…”

“…[13] Eucalyptus grandis (CEG) and Pinus taeda (CPT) cellulose fibers were isolated from the kraft and sulfite pulping process. [13] Based on previous studies, the isolation of cellulose from biomass requires quite a long time, including the isolation of sugarcane bagasse cellulose in the delignification process takes 1 hour with 4-5 repetitions, [14] isolation of water hyacinth cellulose in the bleaching process takes a long time 3 hours, [15] isolation of cane bagasse cellulose in the delignification process for 2.5 hours and bleaching process for 4 hours, [16] isolation of sugarcane bagasse cellulose in the delignification process with variations of time 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours, [17] isolation of sugarcane bagasse in the delignification process was carried out for 5 hours, [18] isolating seaweed cellulose in the delignification process 3 hours, and 3 hours in the bleaching process. [19] Cellulose is insoluble in common solvents such as water, so its applications are limited.…”

“…The etherification process used a monochloroacetic acid (MCA) reagent to substitute the anhydroglucose units in cellulose with carboxymethyl groups. [15] Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a polymer with flexible properties, primarily characterized by its high solubility in water. This distinctive attribute has led to the widespread use of CMC across diverse industries for an extensive range of applications.…”

“…Alkalization is carried out by immersing the cellulose product in NaOH solution, which aims to activate the −OH groups on the cellulose molecule and expand the cellulose. The etherification process used a monochloroacetic acid (MCA) reagent to substitute the anhydroglucose units in cellulose with carboxymethyl groups [15] …”