“…However, in the mid-1980s, The World Bank introduced the Vetiver System (VS) as a biotechnological approach to agricultural land management in India. Currently, it is being developed as a technique to stabilize steep slopes and cliffs (Badriyah and Wulandari, 2020), as well as for wastewater disposal, and phytoremediation of contaminated soil and water (Abaga et al, 2021;Ambarwati and Bahri, 2018;Chen et al, 2021;Dorafshan et al, 2023;Komarawidjaja and Garno, 2016;Mahmoudpour et al, 2021), coastal erosion (Indriasari and Akhwady, 2017;Sufyan et al, 2020a), and rehabilitation of former mining lands (Kiiskila et al, 2020;Napitupulu and Purwanti, 2022;Putri, 2019). Additionally, the vetiver system is employed in the development of sustainable land use strategies from ecological, socio-economic, and environmental protection perspectives (Löbmann et al, 2020;Truong and Loch, 2004).…”