Kajian Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Meningitis dan Ensefalitis Bakteri di Bangsal Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Rujukan Utama

Abstract

Inadequate antibiotic therapy for meningitis and bacterial encephalitis is one of the factors that can jeopardize patient safety and turn into a public health issue in a number of nations, including Indonesia. This phenomena has the potential to raise health-care expenses, which should be avoided in the era of the JKN program's implementation. The goal of this research was to describe the profile of antibiotic use and cost in hospitalized meningitis and bacterial encephalitis patients. This cross-sectional observational study took place from January to December 2019. As study materials, patient medical records and billing data were employed. To enhance the data obtained, confirmation with medical and pharmaceutical personnel is required. Antibiotic use and expenditures were described using descriptive analysis. A total of 71 patients, both children and adults, met the study's inclusion criteria. Antibiotics were given to all of the patients, and the results revealed that third generation cephalosporins (49.375%) were the most commonly recommended antibiotic class, either alone or in combination. Antibiotic use receives 46.94% of total medication funding. According to the length of stay category, the majority of patients (45.99 %) were hospitalized for 8-14 days consecutively with antibiotic medication. Antibiotics, which are typically administered to patients with meningitis and bacterial encephalitis, had no effect on the length of stay in the hospital. Antibiotic prescriptions must be carefully reviewed at top referrel hospital, taking into account the local germ map.

The Effectiveness of the 30˚ Head Up Technique for Ineffective of Cerebral Tissue Perfusion in Meningitis Client

“…Data from the Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2015 showed that at the end of 2010, the number of meningitis cases that occurred in Indonesian society based on male sex was 12,010 clients (62.3%), while there were 7,371 women (38.7%). Of these cases, 1,025 (5.3%) sufferers of meningitis died (Rossetyowati et al, 2021). From health data for the province of West Java in 2014, the number of cases of meningitis was reported at around 0.7% (Nurliawati et al, 2016).…”

“…Whereas non-pharmacological therapy is carried out by careful monitoring of vital signs because breathing is usually a Cheyne-Stokes pattern, giving intravenous fluids according to indications, lowering body temperature with warm compresses, administering oxygen, and positioning the head up 30o to improve oxygen circulation to the brain so that help raise awareness (Rossetyowati et al, 2021). The 30o head-up position technique or lying with the head 30 degrees is a simple and effective non-pharmacological therapy for increasing oxygen to the brain, increasing awareness and increasing cerebral tissue perfusion in patients with meningitis (Wahidin, Ngabdi Supraptini, 2020).…”