Kajian Timbulan Limbah Infeksius Rumah Sakit Kota Bandung dan Cimahi

Abstract

The increased activities in hospitals will increase the infectious waste generation. The infectious waste contains pathogenic organisms that can spread disease to humans and the environment. The harmful impact of infectious waste can be minimized through proper waste management, starting from waste generation. This study aims to examine the problem of infectious waste generation: the overall percentage of infectious waste generation in hospitals, the amount of infectious waste generation from each source (processing unit), and analyze factors that significantly affected its generation. This study is expected to be the basis of recommendations for hospitals in handling infectious waste. The study was conducted in four public hospitals in Bandung and Cimahi City. The data consists of infectious waste generation, non-infectious waste (general waste) generation, and hospital data as data factors analyzed for its influence on waste generation. The stepwise regression method was used for factor analysis with 95% CI. The result showed that infectious waste generation had a lower percentage than non-infectious waste, ranging from 38–47%. The treatment rooms that produce the most considerable infectious waste are haemodialysis, operating rooms and inpatients with an average infectious waste generation of 0,08–2,18 kg/patient/day. Thus, the three rooms can become a priority for infectious waste management. Factors that significantly affect the generation of infectious waste are dominated by patients and medical personnel. The importance of this factor is related to waste sorting activities. Therefore, special control by hospital management is needed for these two factors. Keywords: hospital, generation, infectious waste, treatment room, factors ABSTRAK Peningkatan aktivitas rumah sakit akan diikuti dengan peningkatan timbulan limbah infeksius. Limbah infeksius mengandung organisme patogen yang dapat menyebarkan penyakit bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Dampak limbah infeksius dapat diminimalisir melalui kegiatan pengelolaan limbah yang tepat, dimulai dari timbulan limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara mendalam hal seputar timbulan limbah infeksius, dimulai dari persentase timbulan limbah infeksius rumah sakit secara keseluruhan, besaran timbulan limbah infeksius dari setiap sumber (unit perawatan) serta analisa terhadap faktor yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap timbulan limbah. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar rekomendasi untuk pengelolaan limbah infeksius rumah sakit. Penelitian dilakukan di empat rumah sakit umum area Kota Bandung dan Cimahi. Data penelitian terdiri atas timbulan limbah infeksius dan non-infeksius (limbah umum) serta data atribut rumah sakit sebagai data faktor yang dianalisis pengaruhnya terhadap timbulan limbah. Analisis faktor menggunakan metode stepwise regression dengan signifikansi 0,05 (95% CI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan limbah infeksius memiliki persentase timbulan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan limbah non-infeksius (limbah umum) yaitu kisaran 38–47%. Unit perawatan yang menjadi penghasil limbah infeksius terbesar berasal dari unit haemodialisa, kamar operasi serta rawat inap dengan kisaran rata-rata besaran timbulan limbah infeksius sebesar 0,08–2,18 kg/pasien/hari. Dengan demikian, ketiga unit perawatan tersebut dapat menjadi prioritas pengelolaan limbah infeksius. Adapun faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap timbulan limbah infeksius didominasi oleh faktor jumlah pasien dan jumlah staf medis. Signifikan faktor ini berkaitan dengan kegiatan pemilahan limbah sehingga perlu pengendalian khusus poleh pihak rumah sakit terhadap kedua faktor tersebut. Kata kunci: rumah sakit, timbulan, limbah infeksius, unit perawatan, faktor

The Influence of Pandemic COVID-19 on Hazardous Waste Management from Hospital A in Yogyakarta

“…According to the data, We get the average amount of hazardous waste generated per patient each day is 2.48 kg/day. Meanwhile in Bandung and Cimahi City Hospitals, they generate hazardous waste around 0.08 and 2.18 kg/patients/day[16]. Compare to that research, hospital generates (Table1) significantly more hazardous waste both from out-patient care and hospitalization services.…”

“…Hospitalization services generate more hazardous waste than Outpatient care services due to the condition that hospitalization services provide routinity treatment to patients for a certain amount of time per day, whereas Outpatient care services provide minimum service to patients. Use of instruments that can become contaminated with a patient's body fluids [16].…”