“…Researchers have elaborated counseling and psychotherapy with the Indonesian spiritual culture and religion to develop counseling in a multi-religious society in Indonesia. They began to develop counseling and psychotherapy knowledge based on religious concepts and values, such as Islamic Counseling based on the Holy Qur'an (Suherman, 2012;Sutoyo, 2013), Pastoral Counseling in the Indonesian Context (Raintung et al, 2020), Bible Counseling in the Gospel of John (Selvianti, 2018), the concept of Tri Hita Karana and Hindu values (Adhiputra, 2010), the Communication Development in Counseling with Dharma Wacana and Dharma Tula (Jelantik, 2021), the Use of the Gayatri Mantra to reduce anxiety (Ayu et al, 2018), and Kalyana Mitta for mindfulness counseling in Buddhism (Venty, 2021). In contrast, conventional counseling approaches continue to be carried out to ensure the effectiveness of these techniques for the benefit of counseling services in Indonesia.…”