Kaolinite Crystallization at Room Temperature by Homogeneous Precipitation—III: Hydrolysis of Feldspars

Iglesia, Á. La; Martin-Vivaldi, J. L.; Aguayo, Francisco López

doi:10.1346/ccmn.1976.0240104

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Al 2 O 3 and K 2 O confirm the minor presence of K-feldspars and/or its weathering phase kaolinite (Iglesia et al 1976), as seen in XRD. The higher amount of Na 2 O in MP5 and MP9 samples is related with the presence of halite (NaCl).…”

Section: Renders and Joint Mortars Quartz Calcite K-feldspars Kaolinimentioning

confidence: 54%

Characterization of Renders, Joint Mortars, and Adobes from Traditional Constructions in Aveiro (Portugal)

Coroado

Paiva

Velosa

et al. 2010

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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The huge and special architectural heritage of Aveiro (Portugal) from the beginning of the past century is characterized by the use of stone or adobe (mud sun-dried blocks), as structural material, with lime renders and mortars. Some of those buildings are situated in the city core and show different degradation degrees, promoted either by weathering in urban context, lack of maintenance, or the seaside proximity. To preserve this type of construction, a study was carried out in order to characterize renders, joint mortars and adobes, to know the composition and behaviour of each in the construction. For this purpose, samples were extracted from various locations of several buildings. The study of mineralogy was performed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), their thermal behaviour was obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and these data were complemented by chemical analysis by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The aggregate particle size distributions were obtained by dry sieving. Mechanical compressive strength (Rc) and capillarity performance were also evaluated.The results have shown that the mineralogical composition of joint mortars, renders and adobes are similar and the presence of efflorescences was detected in some samples. In general the capillary coefficients of the adobe samples are higher than those of the renders and mortars related with them. The Rc values were similar for the renders, mortars, and adobes. These studies have also been undertaken to support sustainable interventions, allowing the extraction of salts, the consolidation of renders and production of new compatible renders and mortars to substitute and refill the gaps capable of guaranteeing the integrity and prolonging the existence of this kind of architecture and building technique.

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Section: Renders and Joint Mortars Quartz Calcite K-feldspars Kaolinimentioning

confidence: 54%

Characterization of Renders, Joint Mortars, and Adobes from Traditional Constructions in Aveiro (Portugal)

Coroado

Paiva

Velosa

et al. 2010

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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“…Sepiolite crystallization should take place under conditions similar to those of the homogeneous precipitation, 4 noted for kaolinite, palygorskite, sepiolite, and other phyllosilicates by La Iglesia and Martin Vivaldi (1975), La Iglesia et al (1976), and La Iglesia (1977Iglesia ( , 1978. These conditions are more likely in natural environments than those proposed by other authors for the synthesis of these clay minerals at room temperature (e.g., Siffert, 1962;Wollast et al, 1968).…”

Section: Evolution Of the Basin And Genesis Of The Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Palygorskite-Sepiolite Clays of Lebrija, Southern Spain

Galán¹,

Ferrero

1982

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--The Upper Pliocene sediments near Lebrija in southern Spain contain commercial deposits of palygorskite and sepiolite. These sediments of continental origin consist chiefly of carbonate, marl, and clay resting on marine Pliocene quartzose sand. The lowest unit, the "Marly-Calcareous Bed," consists of sepiolite-rich marl associated with concretions and irregular layers of chert, <0.5 m thick, and local diatomite layers, as well as limestone, sandy limestone, marl, and clayey sandstones. This unit has a maximum thickness of 30 m and contains three clay-mineral suites as follows: (1) bottom--sepiolite ___ palygorskite; (2) center--sepiolite and palygorskite _+ illite; (3) top--palygorskite and illite, _+ sepiolite and smectite. Sepiolite decreases and palygorskite and illite increase toward the top, reflecting the composition of detrital material supplied to the basin. Beds 0.5-1 m thick locally and containing 50 to 60% sepiolite have been called "Tierra del Vino" (wine earth) because the material formerly was used to clarify and purify wine. The sepiolite-rich beds are as much as 15 m thick in the eastern part of the area. The upper unit is called the "Palygorskite Bed" because certain layers, 0.3 to 3 m thick, contain 35 to 75% palygorskite. The palygorskite-rich layers are interbedded with limestone and marl, and the entire unit is 15 m thick. The total resource of palygorskite is estimated at about 9 million tonnes.The sediments are believed to have been deposited in a brackish, lacustrine environment. Originally, tectonic stability and an arid climate favored the formation of sepiolite at about pH 8. Later, after significant weathering of the source rocks, detrital illite was transformed to palygorskite in the Mg-and Si-rich waters. Here, palygorskite was also precipitated directly.

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“…The precipitation of kaolinite from crystalline or noncrystalline aluminosilicates in aqueous solution or under hydrothermal conditions has been discussed from many points of view, including: (1) dissolution and precipitation kinetics (Helgeson, 1971;Tsuzuki and Mizutani, 1971;Tsuzuki et aL, 1974); (2) equilibrium relations on activity diagrams (Helgeson, 1968;Helgeson et al, 1969;Kittrick, 1970;Keller et aL, 1971;Huang and Keller, 1973;Eberl and Hower, 1975;Tsuzuki, 1976;Busenberg, 1978; La Iglesia and Van OosCopyright 9 1985, The Clay Minerals Society terwyck- Tsuzuki and Suzuki, 1980;Tsuzuki and Kawabe, 1983); (3) structure and composition of starting materials (Poncelet and Brindley, 1967;De Kimpe and Fripiat, 1968;Trichet, 1969;Oberlin and Couty, 1970;Urabe et aL, 1970;Rodrique et al, 1972;De Vijnck, 1973); and (4) coordination number or polymerization state of hydrated species (De Kimpe et al, 1961;De Kimpe and Gastuche, 1964;Polzer et al, 1967;Linares and Huertas, 1971;La Iglesia and Martin Vivaldi, 1973;Hem and Lind, 1974;La Iglesia and Galan, 1975;Lind and Hem, 1975;La Iglesia et al, 1976;De Kimpe et al, 1981). A detailed review of this subject was given by Van OosterwyckGastuche and La Iglesia (1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Conditions and Genesis of Spherical and Platy Kaolinite

Tomura

1985

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--Spherical and platy kaolinite crystals were prepared under several hydrothermal conditions. Spherical kaolinite was produced mainly at high solid/water ratio (1/4) and at low temperatures (150 ~ 200~ Platy kaolinite predominated in products from experiments with intermediate solid/water ratios (1/256-1/16) and at high temperatures. Boehmite predominated at low solid/water ratios (1/4096) at all experimental temperatures (180"-220"C). The results indicate that the growth of the spherical kaolinite was favored at high degrees of supersaturation, whereas the growth of the platy kaolinite was favored at relatively low degrees of supersaturation.

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Kaolinite Crystallization at Room Temperature by Homogeneous Precipitation—III: Hydrolysis of Feldspars

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Characterization of Renders, Joint Mortars, and Adobes from Traditional Constructions in Aveiro (Portugal)

Characterization of Renders, Joint Mortars, and Adobes from Traditional Constructions in Aveiro (Portugal)

Palygorskite-Sepiolite Clays of Lebrija, Southern Spain

Growth Conditions and Genesis of Spherical and Platy Kaolinite

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