Kaposi’s sarcoma‐like lesions and other nodules as cutaneous involvement in AIDS‐related visceral leishmaniasis

González‐Beato, M.J.; Moyano, B.; Sánchez, C.; Pérez‐Molina, José A.; Miralles, Pilar; Lázaro, P

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03909.x

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In Ethiopia, severe PKDL was more common in HIV-positive (27.3%) than in HIV-negative (13.3%) VL patients at a 6-month follow-up (216). Case reports of VL-HIVcoinfected patients have described cutaneous lesions that precede (159), accompany (18,44,64,105), and follow (50, 56) VL after treatment. It is unclear whether these are forms of PKDL or parasitized skin lesions formed during the course of VL.…”

Section: Pkdl and Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

et al. 2008

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SUMMARY To date, most Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection cases reported to WHO come from Southern Europe. Up to the year 2001, nearly 2,000 cases of coinfection were identified, of which 90% were from Spain, Italy, France, and Portugal. However, these figures are misleading because they do not account for the large proportion of cases in many African and Asian countries that are missed due to a lack of diagnostic facilities and poor reporting systems. Most cases of coinfection in the Americas are reported in Brazil, where the incidence of leishmaniasis has spread in recent years due to overlap with major areas of HIV transmission. In some areas of Africa, the number of coinfection cases has increased dramatically due to social phenomena such as mass migration and wars. In northwest Ethiopia, up to 30% of all visceral leishmaniasis patients are also infected with HIV. In Asia, coinfections are increasingly being reported in India, which also has the highest global burden of leishmaniasis and a high rate of resistance to antimonial drugs. Based on the previous experience of 20 years of coinfection in Europe, this review focuses on the management of Leishmania-HIV-coinfected patients in low-income countries where leishmaniasis is endemic.

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Section: Pkdl and Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the sub-Saharan Sahelian zone of Africa, several L. major isolates obtained from patients in Mali (n ϭ 4), Burkina Faso (n ϭ 7), Senegal (44,105,191).…”

Section: Other Leishmania Species During Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

et al. 2008

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“…Cutaneous dissemination of VL may present as a pigmented or erythematous papule, lesion, rash or nodule (Balkhair & Ben Abid, 2008; Calza et al , 2004; González-Beato et al , 2000; Santos-Oliveira et al , 2011). As the parasites replicate in macrophages, atypical cutaneous manifestations of VL may occur where there is a cutaneous inflammatory process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual presentation of leishmaniasis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive individual

et al. 2016

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Introduction:Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by vector-borne protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms result in disfiguration or mutilation, whilst visceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects multiple organs and is fatal if untreated. Notably, Leishmania are capable of establishing a chronic infection, which may reactivate years after initial infection when the host becomes immune-suppressed.Case Presentation:A 24-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive male presented for excision of anal condylomas. At the time of his current condyloma excision, the patient had no additional symptoms or cutaneous findings, but was noted to have been only intermittently compliant with his antiretroviral therapy. Microscopic examination of the haematoxylin and eosin-stained anal condyloma tissue revealed koilocytic change, ulceration and brisk histiocytic inflammation containing numerous small intracellular bodies suggestive of Leishmania amastigotes. A bone marrow biopsy was performed and demonstrated similar intracellular forms. Anal condyloma tissue and bone marrow aspirate were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Parasitic Diseases Branch for confirmation of Leishmania and speciation. Specific immunohistochemical staining for Leishmania in the tissue section was positive and the species was confirmed as Leishmania donovani by PCR. Subsequently, the patient resumed highly active antiretroviral therapy and received anti-Leishmania therapy.Conclusion:Whilst the presentation of VL in HIV-positive patients is often similar to those without HIV, here we describe an unusual initial presentation of leishmaniasis in an HIV-positive patient where the parasite was found in an anal condyloma. VL is a critical diagnosis that should be considered and pursued when leishmaniasis is encountered in seemingly illogical clinical settings.

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“…8 As a result, HIV-associated cutaneous leishmaniasis is atypical in terms of disease progression. 9 Diffuse forms of leishmaniasis were known many years ago to be refractory to anti-leishmanial treatment. 10,11 Meglumine antimoniate 3 or pentamidine 12 are considered as first-line treatments in cutaneous leishmaniasis without HIV co-infection in the case of massive or multifocal cutaneous involvement.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in an HIV‐positive patient in western Africa

Niamba¹,

Goumbri-Lompo

Traoré³

et al. 2007

Aust J Dermatology

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A 36-year-old HIV1-positive woman presented with a 6-month history of a progressive papular and nodular eruption of the face and subsequent extensive spread to the rest of the skin. The diagnosis of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis was established by direct examination and skin biopsy. This atypical form had a dramatic improvement after a 21-day treatment with meglumine antimoniate. This clinical form may be confused with other endemic diseases in western Africa, especially leprosy.

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Kaposi’s sarcoma‐like lesions and other nodules as cutaneous involvement in AIDS‐related visceral leishmaniasis

Cited by 40 publications

References 14 publications

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

An unusual presentation of leishmaniasis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive individual

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in an HIV‐positive patient in western Africa

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