Kaposi sarcoma after non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant: response to withdrawal of immunosuppressant therapy correlated with whole blood human herpesvirus-8 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction levels

Deauna‐Limayo, Delva; Qiu, Wansong; Htut, Myo; Sweetenham, John W.

doi:10.3109/10428194.2013.769221

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The disease was lethal in 3 of 11 allogeneic and 1 of 3 autologous hematopoietic cell transplant patients. In adults, skin lesions were the dominant clinical manifestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allogeneic stem cell transplant is associated with severe prolonged immunosuppression; however, a few cases of Kaposi sarcoma after HSCT were previously reported. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The cause of Kaposi sarcoma is complex but is almost certainly dependent on a gamma herpes virus, human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8), as causal agent. 11,12 After allogeneic stem cell transplant, Kaposi sarcoma can develop when a patient is positive for HHV-8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Kaposi Sarcoma After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Rare Complication

Ramzi¹,

Vojdani²,

Haghighinejad³

2021

Exp Clin Transplant

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kaposi sarcoma is a multicentric angioproliferative neoplasm of lymphatic endothelium-derived cells. Although this malignancy is relatively frequent after solid-organ transplant, it is extremely rare after bone marrow transplantation. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is associated with severe prolonged immunosuppression; however, a few cases of Kaposi sarcoma after hematopoietic stem cell transplant were previously reported. Here, we report a case of Kaposi sarcoma after haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The patient was a known case of acute myelogenous leukemia and underwent transplant after relapse. Four months posttransplant, she presented with 3 dark blue or purplish small nodules on her face above the upper lip. Histopathologic study confirmed Kaposi sarcoma. Serum antibody against human herpes virus type 8 was positive. After discontinuation of immunosuppressive medication and cryotherapy for local control, Kaposi sarcoma skin nodules healed with residual pigmented skin lesions. The patient is currently in complete remission for Kaposi sarcoma and cured from acute myelogenous leukemia 36 months after stem cell transplant. Only 14 cases of Kaposi sarcoma after hematopoietic cell transplant have been previously reported in the literature (11 after allogeneic and 3 after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant). According to our knowledge from literature review, this case is the first report of Kaposi sarcoma after a haploidentical HLA match transplant. Key words: Acute myelogenous leukemia, HLA haploidentical match IntroductionHematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is an established treatment for many acquired and congenital disorders of the hematopoietic system. Kaposi sarcoma was first described in 1872 by Kaposi as a progressive sarcoma. 1 It is a multicentric angioproliferative neoplasm of lymphatic endotheliumderived cells. Kaposi sarcoma is classified into 4 types based on the clinical condition in which it develops: (1) sporadic or classic subtype, (2) endemic, (3) AIDS associated or epidemic Kaposi sarcoma, and (4) iatrogenic subtype in patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy medications, particularly in organ transplant recipients (typically seen with renal allografts).Kaposi sarcoma, which is shown relatively frequently after solid-organ transplant, is extremely rare after bone marrow transplant. Allogeneic stem cell transplant is associated with severe prolonged immunosuppression; however, a few cases of Kaposi sarcoma after HSCT were previously reported. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The cause of Kaposi sarcoma is complex but is almost certainly dependent on a gamma herpes virus, human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8), as causal agent. 11,12 After allogeneic stem cell transplant, Kaposi sarcoma can develop when a patient is positive for HHV-8.Here, we report a case of Kaposi sarcoma after haploidentical allogeneic HSCT. The patient was a known case of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and underwent transplant after relapse. According to our knowle...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaposi Sarcoma After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Rare Complication

Ramzi¹,

Vojdani²,

Haghighinejad³

2021

Exp Clin Transplant

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Approximately 5-20% of patients in the United States and 10% of patients in Mediterranean countries are seropositive for HHV-8. On the basis of the prevalence of HHV-8 infection, the incidence of KS ranges from 0.6 to 5.3% ( 3 ). Clinical manifestations of KS include mucocutaneous and visceral involvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Can Contribute to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated Visceral Kaposi Sarcoma Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Zhou

Shang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Disseminated visceral Kaposi sarcoma (KS) following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a rare but life-threatening posttransplant complication. A suitable management strategy for disseminated KS involvement in transplant patients is unclear. Here, we reported a patient who developed disseminated visceral KS following HSCT, which was the first detailed report documenting the relationship among KS development, delayed immune reconstitution, and HHV-8 DNA levels by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The HHV-8 viral load peaked at 2071 sequence reads with an absolute lymphocyte count of 0.17×109/L on day +242. On day +536, the HHV-8 viral load became undetectable, with an absolute lymphocyte count of 1.06×109/L and the KS disappearance. HHV-8 load in blood detected by mNGS may be used as an early prediction marker for KS, a guide for early withdrawal of immunosuppression, and a tool to monitor KS treatment response in the setting of HSCT, especially in patients with CMV-seropositive or graft failure postengraftment. Through whole-exome sequencing, we explored the molecular mechanism underlying the patient’s longer latency of haematopoietic or immune reconstitution and recurrent infections. Germline mutations in the FANCI and RAD51 genes might impair the patient’s DNA repair ability, leading to a degree of immunodeficiency and tumour susceptibility. We strongly recommended evaluating the clinical history of the donor and investigating whether there were possible germline mutations suspected for immunodeficiency or familial neoplasms. Disseminated visceral KS patients could likely benefit from chemotherapy, especially if the disease appears to be aggressive.

show abstract

HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8: Forgotten Viruses in Transplantation

Haidar

2020

Emerging Transplant Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kaposi sarcoma after non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant: response to withdrawal of immunosuppressant therapy correlated with whole blood human herpesvirus-8 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction levels

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Kaposi Sarcoma After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Rare Complication

Kaposi Sarcoma After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Rare Complication

Case Report: Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Can Contribute to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated Visceral Kaposi Sarcoma Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8: Forgotten Viruses in Transplantation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About