Kappa and other endosymbionts in Paramecium aurelia

Preer, Jr Jr; Preer, LB; Jurand, A.

doi:10.1128/br.38.2.113-163.1974

Cited by 150 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…The fact that homologs of the C. taeniospiralis R-body structural genes are found in diverse free-living bacteria suggests that their roles extend beyond endosymbiotic interactions 19 . In C. taeniospiralis and the plant symbiont Azorhizobium caulinodans , R-body production has been linked to host toxicity 4 , 14 , 15 , 29 . P. aeruginosa is an extracellular pathogen that colonizes a range of hosts, including plant and nematode models 30 , 31 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, the popular model strain PAO1 does not contain a reb cluster and this is consistent with its relatively low virulence in a Caenorhabditis elegans infection assay. These observations, combined with the known contributions of R-bodies to host damage in other systems 4 , 14 , 15 , led us to hypothesize that PA14 produces R-bodies that contribute to pathogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 produces R-bodies, extendable protein polymers with roles in host colonization and virulence

et al. 2021

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R-bodies are long, extendable protein polymers formed in the cytoplasm of some bacteria; they are best known for their role in killing of paramecia by bacterial endosymbionts. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14, an opportunistic pathogen of diverse hosts, contains genes (referred to as the reb cluster) with potential to confer production of R-bodies and that have been implicated in virulence. Here, we show that products of the PA14 reb cluster associate with R-bodies and control stochastic expression of R-body structural genes. PA14 expresses reb genes during colonization of plant and nematode hosts, and R-body production is required for full virulence in nematodes. Analyses of nematode ribosome content and immune response indicate that P. aeruginosa R-bodies act via a mechanism involving ribosome cleavage and translational inhibition. Our observations provide insight into the biology of R-body production and its consequences during P. aeruginosa infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 produces R-bodies, extendable protein polymers with roles in host colonization and virulence

et al. 2021

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“…caryophila is proposed to establish a new genus within the family Holosporaceae as Preeria caryophila comb. nov. (Potekhin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Geographic Origin Of Primary Endosymbiosis Between Parameciu...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Mechanisms for establishing primary and secondary endosymbiosis in Paramecium

Fujishima

Kodama

2022

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Primary (eukaryote and procaryote) and secondary (eukaryote and eukaryote) endosymbioses are driving forces in eukaryotic cell evolution. These phenomena are still contributing to acquire new cell structures and functions. To understand mechanisms for establishment of each endosymbiosis, experiments that can induce endosymbiosis synchronously by mixing symbionts isolated from symbiont‐bearing host cells and symbiont‐free host cells are indispensable. Recent progress on endosymbiosis using Paramecium and their endonuclear symbiotic bacteria Holospora or symbiotic green alga Chlorella has been remarkable, providing excellent opportunities for elucidating host–symbiont interactions. These organisms are now becoming model organisms to know the mechanisms for establishing primary and secondary endosymbioses. Based on experiments of many researchers, we introduce how these endosymbionts escape from the host lysosomal fusion, how they migrate in the host cytoplasm to localize specific locations within the host, how their species specificity and strain specificity of the host cells are controlled, how their life cycles are controlled, how they escape from the host cell to infect more young host cell, how they affect the host viability and gene expression, what kind of substances are needed in these phenomena, and what changes had been induced in the symbiont and the host genomes.

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“…Paramecium ciliates (Oligohymenophorea, Ciliophora, Alveolata) host diverse intracellular symbionts, among which the best studied are Holospora-like bacteria (HLB), obligate intranuclear bacteria of family Holosporaceae, order Holosporales, class Alphaproteobacteria [1][2][3][4]. HLB have a set of interesting features, such as a complex life cycle involving two morphological stages, infectious and reproductive, and infectious forms (IFs) which are unusually large for bacterial cells (up to 20 µm long).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Intranuclear Symbiotic Bacteria from Macronucleus of Paramecium putrinum—“Candidatus Gortzia Yakutica”

et al. 2020

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Holospora-like bacteria (HLB) are obligate intracellular Alphaproteobacteria, inhabiting nuclei of Paramecium and other ciliates such as “Candidatus Hafkinia” is in Frontonia. The HLB clade is comprised of four genera, Holospora, Preeria, “Candidatus Gortzia”, and “Candidatus Hafkinia”. These bacteria have a peculiar life cycle with two morphological forms and some degree of specificity to the host species and the type of nucleus they inhabit. Here we describe a novel species of HLB—“Candidatus Gortzia yakutica” sp. nov.—a symbiont from the macronucleus of Paramecium putrinum, the first described HLB for this Paramecium species. The new endosymbiont shows morphological similarities with other HLB. The phylogenetic analysis of the SSU rRNA gene places it into the “Candidatus Gortzia” clade.

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Kappa and other endosymbionts in Paramecium aurelia

Cited by 150 publications

References 119 publications

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 produces R-bodies, extendable protein polymers with roles in host colonization and virulence

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 produces R-bodies, extendable protein polymers with roles in host colonization and virulence

Mechanisms for establishing primary and secondary endosymbiosis in Paramecium

New Intranuclear Symbiotic Bacteria from Macronucleus of Paramecium putrinum—“Candidatus Gortzia Yakutica”

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