Karate Training Improves Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of 12 weeks of karate training on cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Method: Seventy adolescents were randomized into 2 groups: control received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and treatment received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week, plus 3 karate sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was improvement in cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Results: After the intervention period, the treatment group showed a reduction in resting heart rate (77.86 [10.89]), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40.86 [8.31]), and triglycerides (75.18 [32.29]) and an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95.64 [42.53]) in relation to pretraining. Regarding oxidative stress markers, there was a reduction in protein carbonylation (0.07 [0.06]) and nitric oxide (1.39 [1.11]) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (0.68 [0.31]) and glutathione (0.11 [0.08]) compared with pretraining. With respect to inflammation, adiponectin increased (14.54 [5.36]) after the intervention when compared with preintervention. Conclusion: The study concluded that the intervention may improve cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Long-term effects need to be evaluated.

Exercise and Insulin Resistance Markers in Children and Adolescents With Excess Weight

“…Of the 1495 articles screened after duplicates were removed, 55 met our inclusion criteria (eTable 1 in Supplement 1). Figure 1 illustrates the identification, screening, and inclusion process. The Cohen κ statistic for interrater reliability was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.96).…”

Effects of exercise on intermediate disease markers in people with overweight and obesity: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Table 2 3.3 Characteristics of the Included Studies In total, we included studies from 55 randomized controlled trials, which included 3122 people diagnosed with overweight and obesity . Interventions in the experimental group included: aerobic exercises(32 studies)[19-49], resistance training (9 studies)[40, 44, 50-56], concurrent training (22 studies) [24,30,39,44,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73].…”

“…Clinicians can incorporate interval training, karate, HICT, or HIEX as exercise forms in their prescriptions, scheduling three to five training sessions per week, each lasting between 11 and 60 minutes [24,30,39,44,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]. The specific exercise intensity should be customized based on each individual's particular needs.…”

“…The search strategy was constructed around the PICOS tool: (P) Population: people with overweight and obese; (I) Intervention: exercise; (C) Comparator: Carry out normal daily activities without calorie restriction according to habitualTable 2 3.3 Characteristics of the Included Studies In total, we included studies from 55 randomized controlled trials, which included 3122 people diagnosed with overweight and obesity . Interventions in the experimental group included: aerobic exercises(32 studies)[19-49], resistance training (9 studies)[40, 44, 50-56], concurrent training (22 studies) [24,30,39,44,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73].Forty-seven studies reported TC as an outcome indicator,49 studies reported TG as an outcome indicator , 48 studies reported HDL as an outcome indicator, 47 studies reported LDL as an outcome indicator, 37 studies reported SBP as an outcome indicator, 35 studies reported DBP as an outcome indicator, 34 studies reported Glu as an outcome indicator, 20 studies reported insulin as an outcome indicator,23 studies reported HOMA-IR as an outcome indicator and 11 studies reported Hba1c as an outcome indicator.…”

“…However, it has a limited impact on glycated hemoglobin levels. Therefore, it is not recommended to choose CT as the exercise approach when glycated hemoglobin, an intermediate disease marker, is abnormal in individuals with overweight and obese .Therefore, we recommend that clinicians use CT as the main mode of exercise in their prescriptions for people with overweight and obese with significant abnormalities in diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, and insulin resistance markers.Clinicians can incorporate interval training, karate, HICT, or HIEX as exercise forms in their prescriptions, scheduling three to five training sessions per week, each lasting between 11 and 60 minutes[24,30,39,44,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]. The specific exercise intensity should be customized based on each…”